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Go语言Web编程实现Get和Post请求发送与解析的方法详解

2017年12月08日  | 移动技术网IT编程  | 我要评论

本文实例讲述了go语言web编程实现get和post请求发送与解析的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

这是一篇入门文章，通过一个简单的例子介绍golang的web编程主要用到的技术。

文章结构包括：

1. client-get 请求
2. client-post 请求
3. server 处理 get 和 post 数据

在数据的封装中，我们部分采用了json，因而本文也涉及到golang中json的编码和解码。

一、client-get

复制代码 代码如下:
package main
import (
        "fmt"
        "net/url"
        "net/http"
        "io/ioutil"
        "log"
)
func main() {
        u, _ := url.parse("http://localhost:9001/xiaoyue")
        q := u.query()
        q.set("username", "user")
        q.set("password", "passwd")
        u.rawquery = q.encode()
        res, err := http.get(u.string());
        if err != nil {
              log.fatal(err) return
        }
        result, err := ioutil.readall(res.body)
        res.body.close()
        if err != nil {
              log.fatal(err) return
        }
        fmt.printf("%s", result)
}

二、client-post

复制代码 代码如下:
package main
import (
        "fmt"
        "net/url"
        "net/http"
        "io/ioutil"
        "log"
        "bytes"
        "encoding/json"
)
type server struct {
        servername string
        serverip   string
}
type serverslice struct {
        servers []server
        serversid  string
}
func main() {
        var s serverslice
        var newserver server;
        newserver.servername = "guangzhou_vpn";
        newserver.serverip = "127.0.0.1"
        s.servers = append(s.servers, newserver)
        s.servers = append(s.servers, server{servername: "shanghai_vpn", serverip: "127.0.0.2"})
        s.servers = append(s.servers, server{servername: "beijing_vpn", serverip: "127.0.0.3"})
        s.serversid = "team1"
        b, err := json.marshal(s)
        if err != nil {
                fmt.println("json err:", err)
        }
        body := bytes.newbuffer([]byte(b))
        res,err := http.post("http://localhost:9001/xiaoyue", "application/json;charset=utf-8", body)
        if err != nil {
                log.fatal(err)
                return
        }
        result, err := ioutil.readall(res.body)
        res.body.close()
        if err != nil {
                log.fatal(err)
                return
        }
        fmt.printf("%s", result)
}

三、server

复制代码 代码如下:
package main
import (
        "fmt"
        "net/http"
        "strings"
        "html"
        "io/ioutil"
        "encoding/json"
)
type server struct {
        servername string
        serverip   string
}
type serverslice struct {
        servers []server
        serversid  string
}
func main() {
        http.handlefunc("/", handler)
        http.listenandserve(":9001", nil)
}
func handler(w http.responsewriter, r *http.request) {
        r.parseform() //解析参数，默认是不会解析的
        fmt.fprintf(w, "hi, i love you %s", html.escapestring(r.url.path[1:]))
        if r.method == "get" {
                fmt.println("method:", r.method) //获取请求的方法
                fmt.println("username", r.form["username"])
                fmt.println("password", r.form["password"])
                for k, v := range r.form {
                        fmt.print("key:", k, "; ")
                        fmt.println("val:", strings.join(v, ""))
                }
        } else if r.method == "post" {
                result, _:= ioutil.readall(r.body)
                r.body.close()
                fmt.printf("%s\n", result)
                //未知类型的推荐处理方法
                var f interface{}
                json.unmarshal(result, &f)
                m := f.(map[string]interface{})
                for k, v := range m {
                        switch vv := v.(type) {
                                case string:
                                        fmt.println(k, "is string", vv)
                                case int:
                                        fmt.println(k, "is int", vv)
                                case float64:
                                        fmt.println(k,"is float64",vv)
                                case []interface{}:
                                        fmt.println(k, "is an array:")
                                        for i, u := range vv {
                                                fmt.println(i, u)
                                        }
                                default:
                                        fmt.println(k, "is of a type i don't know how to handle")
                         }
                  }
                 //结构已知，解析到结构体
                 var s serverslice;
                 json.unmarshal([]byte(result), &s)
                 fmt.println(s.serversid);
                 for i:=0; i<len(s.servers); i++ {
                         fmt.println(s.servers[i].servername)
                         fmt.println(s.servers[i].serverip)
                 }
        }
}

希望本文所述对大家go语言程序设计有所帮助。

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