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从零开始搭建.net core 2.0 api(学习笔记一)
一、 vs 2017 新建一个项目 选择asp.net core web应用程序，再选择web api,选择asp.net core 2.0版本
二、 添加api帮助页面 api项目添加 nuget nswag.aspnetcore 引用， 然后在添加nswag设置
运行项目 http://localhost:prot/swagger 即可打开帮助页。
我要评论public void configure(iapplicationbuilder app, ihostingenvironment env)
{
if (env.isdevelopment())
{
app.usedeveloperexceptionpage();
app.usebrowserlink();
}
else
{
app.useexceptionhandler("/home/error");
}
app.usestaticfiles();
app.useswaggerui(typeof(startup).gettypeinfo().assembly, settings =>
{
settings.generatorsettings.defaultpropertynamehandling = propertynamehandling.camelcase;
});
app.usemvc(route =>
{
route.maproute(name: "default", template: "{controller=home}/{action=get}/{id?}");
});
}
三、 startup 类configureservices方法中，添加配置中心初始化；配置中心统一管理配置，便于维护
public iserviceprovider configureservices(iservicecollection services)
{
confighelper.init(configuration["configzookeeperaddress"], configuration["confignodepath"]);
services.addsingleton<ilogwrite, logwrite>();
services.addmvc(options =>
{
options.filters.add<authorizationfilter>();
options.filters.add<exceptionfilter>();
options.filters.add<performancelogfilter>();
});
var builder = new containerbuilder();//实例化 autofac 容器
builder.populate(services);
// todo: 这里添加其他需要注入类的注册
applicationcontainer = builder.build();
return new autofacserviceprovider(applicationcontainer);
}
四、添加一个基础设置项目，添加一个日志接口 ilogwrite,一个记录日志实现类 logwrite 在startup 类configureservices方法中添加日志 ioc
因为日志拦截器和异常拦截器会用到日志记录需要注入 所以日志在addmvc()前面添加，autofac配置不能在 addmvc前面，所以这里用.net core的ioc容器，后面autofac会接管容器。
services.addsingleton<ilogwrite, logwrite>();
五、filter 添加三个类分别是
a authorizationfilter 权限过滤器
b exceptionfilter 异常过滤器
c performancelogfilter 性能日志过滤器
exceptionfilter 、performancelogfilter 分别定义构造函数，注入日志依赖。
public exceptionfilter(ilogwrite logwrite)
{
_logwrite = logwrite;
}
public performancelogfilter(ilogwrite logwrite)
{
_logwrite = logwrite;
}
过滤器必须添加在 startup类configureservices的services.addmvc()中
services.addmvc(options =>
{
options.filters.add<authorizationfilter>();
options.filters.add<exceptionfilter>();
options.filters.add<performancelogfilter>();
});
六、action参数读取，为了在异常过滤器、性能日志过滤器中，读取参数需要在权限过滤器中添加下面两行代码
public class authorizationfilter : iauthorizationfilter
{
public void onauthorization(authorizationfiltercontext context)
{
httprequest request = context.httpcontext.request;
request.enablerewind();
request.body.position = 0;
}
}
七、性能日志过滤器 performancelogfilter 继承 iactionfilter，实现两个接口
onactionexecuting 在调用操作方法之前发生
onactionexecuted 在调用操作方法之后发生
a 在方法 onactionexecuting中 实例化一个 stopwatch 用于记录方法开支执行时间
把stopwatch 实力加入 httpcontext.items 中，便于在 onactionexecuted 获取。
b 读取action请求参数, 放入 httpcontext.items 中, 不知道为什么onactionexecuted 去不到参数
/// <summary>
/// 在调用操作方法之前发生。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="context"></param>
public void onactionexecuting(actionexecutingcontext context)
{
//
if (skiplogging(context)) return;
var watch = new stopwatch();
context.httpcontext.items[confighelper.httprequeststopwatcher] = watch;
var paramenters = context.actionarguments.count==0?string.empty:context.actionarguments.serialize();
context.httpcontext.items[confighelper.filteractionarguments] = paramenters;
watch.start();
}
onactionexecuting 中增加了性能日志开关，如果关闭直接返回，不创建stopwatch,
在onactionexecuted中回去到的stopwatch是null 则直接返回（也可以用性能日志开关做判断），不处理后续。
如果controll、action添加了nolog特性，则不记录性能日志
private static bool skiplogging(actionexecutingcontext actioncontext)
{
if (!confighelper.isperformancelog) return true;
return actioncontext.actiondescriptor.gettype().getcustomattributes(typeof(nologattribute), false).any() ||
actioncontext.controller.gettype().getcustomattributes(typeof(nologattribute), false).any();
}
/// <summary>
/// 忽略性能日志记录特性
/// </summary>
[attributeusage(attributetargets.method | attributetargets.class, inherited = true)]
public class nologattribute : attribute
{
}
八、异常过滤器
/// <summary>
/// 异常拦截器
/// </summary>
public class exceptionfilter : iexceptionfilter
{
ilogwrite _logwrite;
public exceptionfilter(ilogwrite logwrite)
{
_logwrite = logwrite;
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="actionexecutedcontext"></param>
/// <param name="cancellationtoken"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public void onexception(exceptioncontext context)
{
bizresult<bool> biz;
var paramenters = context.httpcontext.items[confighelper.filteractionarguments].tostring();
try
{
biz = new bizresult<bool>(false, (int)b2cbizcode.exception, context.exception.message);
if (context.exception.innerexception != null)
biz.sysmessage += ":" + context.exception.innerexception.message;
if (confighelper.isperformancelog)
{
var watch = context.httpcontext.items[confighelper.httprequeststopwatcher] as stopwatch;
watch?.stop();
var name = context.actiondescriptor.gettype().getproperty("actionname").getvalue(context.actiondescriptor).tostring();
_logwrite.infoasync(new
{
createtime = datetime.now,
method = name,
timespan = watch.elapsed,
issuccess = false,
content = paramenters,
code = ((b2cbizcode)biz.businesscode).tostring(),
message = biz.businessmessage
}.serialize());
}
}
catch (exception ex)
{
biz = new bizresult<bool>(false, (int)b2cbizcode.exception, ex.message);
}
context.result = new applicationerrorresult(biz);
_logwrite?.errorasync($"链接访问出错：{context.httpcontext.request.path}", context.httpcontext.request.method, this.gettype().name, context.exception, paramenters);
return;
}
}
public class applicationerrorresult : objectresult
{
public applicationerrorresult(object value) : base(value)
{
statuscode = (int)httpstatuscode.internalservererror;
}
}
九 、添加autofac，autofac比.net core自带的 ioc更好用。 nugetapi 项目中添加autofac.configuration、autofac.extensions.dependencyinjection 两个引用 然后 configureservices方法中添加ioc容器
public iserviceprovider configureservices(iservicecollection services)
{
confighelper.init(configuration["configzookeeperaddress"], configuration["confignodepath"]);
services.addsingleton<ilogwrite, logwrite>();
services.addmvc(options =>
{
options.filters.add<authorizationfilter>();
options.filters.add<exceptionfilter>();
options.filters.add<performancelogfilter>();
});
var builder = new containerbuilder();//实例化 autofac 容器
builder.populate(services);
// todo: 这里添加其他需要注入类的注册
applicationcontainer = builder.build();
return new autofacserviceprovider(applicationcontainer);
}
至此.net core api的 拦截器、配置管理、日志、ioc 设置已完成。
public iserviceprovider configureservices(iservicecollection services) { confighelper.init(configuration["configzookeeperaddress"], configuration["confignodepath"]); services.addsingleton<ilogwrite, logwrite>();
services.addmvc(options => { options.filters.add<authorizationfilter>(); options.filters.add<exceptionfilter>(); options.filters.add<performancelogfilter>(); });
var builder = new containerbuilder();//实例化 autofac 容器 builder.populate(services);
// todo: 这里添加其他需要注入类的注册
applicationcontainer = builder.build(); return new autofacserviceprovider(applicationcontainer); }
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