1. 在linux上安装git

1 [root@mini05 ~]# yum install -y git
2 ………………

2. 本地创建ssh-key信息

 1 [root@mini05 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
 2 generating public/private rsa key pair.
 3 enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
 4 created directory '/root/.ssh'.
 5 enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
 6 enter same passphrase again: 
 7 your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
 8 your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
 9 the key fingerprint is:
10 sha256:acvhut11cmkdal1qzsrl3x23oyul9cd7+klffw30clm root@mini05
11 the key's randomart image is:
12 +---[rsa 2048]----+
13 |    . .          |
14 |   . o o      o.o|
15 |  . b * = .  . *=|
16 |   * o o =  . .eb|
17 |  . o . s .  o .+|
18 |   + o . .  . o.o|
19 |  . + .   . .+ o+|
20 |     . . . o..o o|
21 |      . . . oo o.|
22 +----[sha256]-----+
23 [root@mini05 ~]# ll -d .ssh/
24 drwx------ 2 root root 38 sep 17 22:26 .ssh/
25 [root@mini05 ~]# cd .ssh/
26 [root@mini05 .ssh]# ll
27 total 8
28 -rw------- 1 root root 1679 sep 17 22:26 id_rsa
29 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  393 sep 17 22:26 id_rsa.pub
30 [root@mini05 .ssh]# cat id_rsa.pub 
31 ssh-rsa aaaab3nzac1yc2exxxxdaqabaaabaqdzzmxpdvvntszyxxxxxkkkk/jporl9qc9yn/ydrfbrroxxc0lz0ote8asbmmgvtyexs01+apwyuqutm+pne1bexhkkybxa3etginnnxhjocji/y9qsokii+nphkcpm/wrmaip6eh1by2v60ltu0cyultdienfc5d1t84fymyrrf6u1r27utjixaubwcojyzpmog1rwqp8oex3gq1z5h7gmtkquu/gkcmvpqoxmy+uwytrbd3nmdd2gklgg6oadsw01jafjjgedgxsb/z1zvuh46mgx9zju94b+bfqhbx8e8qmqskrkmzhl09lzqhkvyosvtbbcemhf123k2x8iledrr4f/ root@mini05

3. 在github上添加ssh keys信息

4. 在github上新建仓库并本地克隆仓库

4.1. github新建仓库

git@github.com:zhanglianghhh/zhangtest.git

4.2. 本地克隆github仓库

 1 [root@mini05 git_repository]# pwd  # 注意目录 
 2 /opt/git_repository
 3 [root@mini05 git_repository]# git clone git@github.com:zhanglianghhh/zhangtest.git  
 4 cloning into 'zhangtest'...
 5 the authenticity of host 'github.com (192.30.253.113)' can't be established.
 6 rsa key fingerprint is sha256:nthbg6kxupjwgl7e1igocspromtxdcarlvikw6e5sy8.
 7 rsa key fingerprint is md5:16:27:ac:a5:76:28:2d:36:63:1b:56:4d:eb:df:a6:48.
 8 are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes  # 如果是第一次连接，就会出现这种情况
 9 warning: permanently added 'github.com,192.30.253.113' (rsa) to the list of known hosts.
10 remote: counting objects: 3, done.
11 remote: total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
12 receiving objects: 100% (3/3), done.
13 [root@mini05 git_repository]# ll
14 total 0
15 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 35 sep 17 22:38 zhangtest

5. 本地建仓库并同步到github上

5.1. 本地建仓库

 1 [root@mini05 gittest]# pwd
 2 /opt/git_repository/gittest
 3 [root@mini05 gittest]# git init 
 4 initialized empty git repository in /opt/git_repository/gittest/.git/
 5 [root@mini05 gittest]# ll -a
 6 total 0
 7 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root  18 oct  1 15:22 .
 8 drwxr-xr-x 6 root root  67 oct  1 15:22 ..
 9 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 119 oct  1 15:22 .git
10 [root@mini05 gittest]# cat test.info 
11 111
12 222
13 333
14 [root@mini05 gittest]# git add .  # 添加到暂存区 
15 [root@mini05 gittest]# git commit -m "add"  # 提交到仓库
16 [master (root-commit) 1c47050] add
17  1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)
18  create mode 100644 test.info

5.3. github新建仓库

5.3. 本地仓库关联github

 1 [root@mini05 gittest]# git remote add origin git@github.com:zhanglianghhh/gittest.git  
 2 [root@mini05 gittest]# git push -u origin master  # 第一次提交时 后续提交：  git push origin master  
 3 counting objects: 3, done.
 4 writing objects: 100% (3/3), 220 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
 5 total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
 6 remote: 
 7 remote: create a pull request for 'master' on github by visiting:
 8 remote:      https://github.com/zhanglianghhh/gittest/pull/new/master
 9 remote: 
10 to git@github.com:zhanglianghhh/gittest.git
11  * [new branch]      master -> master
12 branch master set up to track remote branch master from origin.

6. git仓库的更新

6.1. github有更新之后本地更新仓库

 1 [root@mini05 zhangtest]# pwd  # 注意所在目录
 2 /opt/git_repository/zhangtest
 3 [root@mini05 zhangtest]# ll
 4 total 4
 5 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 29 sep 17 23:11 readme.md
 6 [root@mini05 zhangtest]# cat readme.md 
 7 # zhangtest
 8 zhangtest 
 9 [root@mini05 zhangtest]# git pull  # 本地更新
10 remote: counting objects: 3, done.
11 remote: total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
12 unpacking objects: 100% (3/3), done.
13 from github.com:zhanglianghhh/zhangtest
14  * branch            head       -> fetch_head
15 updating e730676..d4fb57e
16 fast-forward
17  readme.md | 1 +
18  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
19 [root@mini05 zhangtest]# cat readme.md 
20 # zhangtest
21 zhangtest
22 张三

6.2. 本地更新并提交到本地仓库

 1 [root@mini05 zhangtest]# pwd
 2 /opt/git_repository/zhangtest
 3 [root@mini05 zhangtest]# git status  # 查看仓库当前的状态----可见文件没有修改，也没有需要提交的
 4 # on branch master
 5 # your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 1 commit.
 6 #   (use "git push" to publish your local commits)
 7 #
 8 nothing to commit, working directory clean
 9 [root@mini05 zhangtest]# cat readme.md  # 更新的文件
10 # zhangtest
11 zhangtest
12 张三
13 git is a distributed version control system.  # 新增的行
14 git is free software.  # 新增的行
15 [root@mini05 zhangtest]# git status  # 查看仓库当前的状态----可见文件有修改，但是没有提交到本地仓库
16 # on branch master
17 # your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 1 commit.
18 #   (use "git push" to publish your local commits)
19 #
20 # changes not staged for commit:
21 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
22 #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
23 #
24 #    modified:   readme.md
25 #
26 no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
27 [root@mini05 zhangtest]# git diff readme.md  # 查看仓库中的文件和当前文件的区别
28 diff --git a/readme.md b/readme.md
29 index a1c15c2..4346fe7 100644
30 --- a/readme.md
31 +++ b/readme.md
32 @@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
33  # zhangtest
34  zhangtest
35  张三
36 +git is a distributed version control system.
37 +git is free software.
38 [root@mini05 zhangtest]# git add readme.md  # 将文件内容添加到索引(将修改添加到暂存区)。也就是将要提交的文件的信息添加到索引库中。
39 # git add .  说明：如果是 . 表示当前目录
40 [root@mini05 zhangtest]# git status  # 查看仓库当前的状态----有文件需要提交
41 # on branch master
42 # your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 1 commit.
43 #   (use "git push" to publish your local commits)
44 #
45 # changes to be committed:
46 #   (use "git reset head <file>..." to unstage)
47 #
48 #    modified:   readme.md
49 #
50 [root@mini05 zhangtest]# git commit -m "add info"  # 提交到本地仓库
51 [master 65a58f2] add info
52  1 files changed, 2 insertions(+)
53  create mode 100644 test.info
54 [root@mini05 zhangtest]# git status  # 查看仓库当前的状态----可见文件没有修改，也没有需要提交的
55 # on branch master
56 # your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 2 commits.
57 #   (use "git push" to publish your local commits)
58 #
59 nothing to commit, working directory clean

6.3. 本地仓库推送到git远程仓库

1 [root@mini05 zhangtest]# git push origin master 
2 counting objects: 5, done.
3 delta compression using up to 4 threads.
4 compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done.
5 writing objects: 100% (3/3), 360 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
6 total 3 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0)
7 remote: resolving deltas: 100% (1/1), completed with 1 local object.
8 to git@github.com:zhanglianghhh/zhangtest.git
9    3b7db1c..c752e64  master -> master