构建者模式又叫建造者模式(builder)，是将一个复杂的对象的构建与它的表示分离，使得同样的构建过程可以创建不同的表示。创建者模式隐藏了复杂对象的创建过程，它把复杂对象的创建过程加以抽象，通过子类继承或者重载的方式，动态的创建具有复合属性的对象。本文以创建计算机为例，使用matlab语言来实现。
computer.m （要构造的复杂对象）
我要评论classdef computer < handle
properties
name = "";
cpu = "";
memory = "";
disk = "";
end
methods
function set.name(obj,name)
obj.name = name;
end
function name = get.name(obj)
name = obj.name;
end
function set.cpu(obj,cpu)
obj.cpu = cpu;
end
function cpu = get.cpu(obj)
cpu = obj.cpu;
end
function set.memory(obj,memory)
obj.memory = memory;
end
function memory = get.memory(obj)
memory = obj.memory;
end
function set.disk(obj,disk)
obj.disk = disk;
end
function disk = get.disk(obj)
disk = obj.disk;
end
function showinfo(obj)
disp("computer:"+obj.name+"{cpu:"+obj.cpu+",memory:"+obj.memory+",disk:"+obj.disk+"}");
end
end
end
builder.m （抽象的构造者）
classdef builder < handle
methods(abstract)
setname(~,~);
setcpu(~,~);
setmemory(~,~);
setdisk(~,~);
build(~);
end
end
concretebuilder.m （具体的构造者）
classdef concretebuilder < builder
properties
name = "";
cpu = "";
memory = "";
disk = "";
end
methods
function obj = setname(obj,name)
obj.name = name;
end
function obj = setcpu(obj,cpu)
obj.cpu = cpu;
end
function obj = setmemory(obj,memory)
obj.memory = memory;
end
function obj = setdisk(obj,disk)
obj.disk = disk;
end
function computer = build(obj)
computer = computer();
computer.name = obj.name;
computer.cpu = obj.cpu;
computer.memory = obj.memory;
computer.disk = obj.disk;
end
end
end
director.m （指导者，负责调用构造对象的逻辑，控制相应的构造顺序）
classdef director
methods
function computer = getcomputer(~,builder)
computer = builder.setname("dell")...
.setcpu("intel i5")...
.setmemory("4g")...
.setdisk("1t")...
.build();
end
end
end
测试代码：
builder = concretebuilder();
director = director();
computer = director.getcomputer(builder);
computer.showinfo();
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