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jwt认证分为两部分，第一部分是加密解密，第二部分是灵活的应用于中间件，我的处理方式是将获取token放到api的一个具体的controller中，将发放token与验证分离，token的失效时间，发证者，使用者等信息存放到config中。
1.配置：
在appsettings.json中增加配置
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"jwt": {
"issuer": "issuer",//随意定义
"audience": "audience",//随意定义
"secretkey": "abc",//随意定义
"lifetime": 20, //单位分钟
"validatelifetime": true,//验证过期时间
"headfield": "useless", //头字段
"prefix": "prefix", //前缀
"ignoreurls": [ "/auth/gettoken" ]//忽略验证的url
}
2:定义配置类：
internal class jwtconfig
{
public string issuer { get; set; }
public string audience { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 加密key
/// </summary>
public string secretkey { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 生命周期
/// </summary>
public int lifetime { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 是否验证生命周期
/// </summary>
public bool validatelifetime { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 验证头字段
/// </summary>
public string headfield { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// jwt验证前缀
/// </summary>
public string prefix { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 忽略验证的url
/// </summary>
public list<string> ignoreurls { get; set; }
}
3.加密解密接口：
public interface ijwt
{
string gettoken(dictionary<string, string> clims);
bool validatetoken(string token,out dictionary<string ,string> clims);
}
4.加密解密的实现类：
install -package system.identitymodel.tokens.jwt
public class jwt : ijwt
{
private iconfiguration _configuration;
private string _base64secret;
private jwtconfig _jwtconfig = new jwtconfig();
public jwt(iconfiguration configration)
{
this._configuration = configration;
configration.getsection("jwt").bind(_jwtconfig);
getsecret();
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取到加密串
/// </summary>
private void getsecret()
{
var encoding = new system.text.asciiencoding();
byte[] keybyte = encoding.getbytes("salt");
byte[] messagebytes = encoding.getbytes(this._jwtconfig.secretkey);
using (var hmacsha256 = new hmacsha256(keybyte))
{
byte[] hashmessage = hmacsha256.computehash(messagebytes);
this._base64secret= convert.tobase64string(hashmessage);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 生成token
/// </summary>
/// <param name="claims"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string gettoken(dictionary<string, string> claims)
{
list<claim> claimsall = new list<claim>();
foreach (var item in claims)
{
claimsall.add(new claim(item.key, item.value));
}
var symmetrickey = convert.frombase64string(this._base64secret);
var tokenhandler = new jwtsecuritytokenhandler();
var tokendescriptor = new securitytokendescriptor
{
issuer = _jwtconfig.issuer,
audience = _jwtconfig.audience,
subject = new claimsidentity(claimsall),
notbefore = datetime.now,
expires = datetime.now.addminutes(this._jwtconfig.lifetime),
signingcredentials =new signingcredentials(new symmetricsecuritykey(symmetrickey),
securityalgorithms.hmacsha256signature)
};
var securitytoken = tokenhandler.createtoken(tokendescriptor);
return tokenhandler.writetoken(securitytoken);
}
public bool validatetoken(string token, out dictionary<string, string> clims)
{
clims = new dictionary<string, string>();
claimsprincipal principal = null;
if (string.isnullorwhitespace(token))
{
return false;
}
var handler = new jwtsecuritytokenhandler();
try
{
var jwt = handler.readjwttoken(token);
if (jwt == null)
{
return false;
}
var secretbytes = convert.frombase64string(this._base64secret);
var validationparameters = new tokenvalidationparameters
{
requireexpirationtime = true,
issuersigningkey = new symmetricsecuritykey(secretbytes),
clockskew = timespan.zero,
validateissuer = true,//是否验证issuer
validateaudience = true,//是否验证audience
validatelifetime = this._jwtconfig.validatelifetime,//是否验证失效时间
validateissuersigningkey = true,//是否验证securitykey
validaudience = this._jwtconfig.audience,
validissuer = this._jwtconfig.issuer
};
securitytoken securitytoken;
principal = handler.validatetoken(token, validationparameters, out securitytoken);
foreach (var item in principal.claims)
{
clims.add(item.type, item.value);
}
return true;
}
catch (exception ex)
{
return false;
}
}
}
5.定义获取token的controller:
在startup.configureservices中注入 ijwt
services.addtransient<ijwt, jwt>(); // jwt注入
[route("[controller]/[action]")]
[apicontroller]
public class authcontroller : controllerbase
{
private ijwt _jwt;
public authcontroller(ijwt jwt)
{
this._jwt = jwt;
}
/// <summary>
/// gettoken
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[httppost]
public iactionresult gettoken()
{
if (true)
{
dictionary<string, string> clims = new dictionary<string, string>();
clims.add("username", username);
return new jsonresult(this._jwt.gettoken(clims));
}
}
}
6.创建中间件：
public class usejwtmiddleware
{
private readonly requestdelegate _next;
private jwtconfig _jwtconfig =new jwtconfig();
private ijwt _jwt;
public usejwtmiddleware(requestdelegate next, iconfiguration configration,ijwt jwt)
{
_next = next;
this._jwt = jwt;
configration.getsection("jwt").bind(_jwtconfig);
}
public task invokeasync(httpcontext context)
{
if (_jwtconfig.ignoreurls.contains(context.request.path))
{
return this._next(context);
}
else
{
if (context.request.headers.trygetvalue(this._jwtconfig.headfield, out microsoft.extensions.primitives.stringvalues authvalue))
{
var authstr = authvalue.tostring();
if (this._jwtconfig.prefix.length > 0)
{
authstr = authvalue.tostring().substring(this._jwtconfig.prefix.length+1, authvalue.tostring().length -(this._jwtconfig.prefix.length+1));
}
if (this._jwt.validatetoken(authstr, out dictionary<string, string> clims))
{
foreach (var item in clims)
{
context.items.add(item.key, item.value);
}
return this._next(context);
}
else
{
context.response.statuscode = 401;
context.response.contenttype = "application/json";
return context.response.writeasync("{\"status\":401,\"statusmsg\":\"auth vaild fail\"}");
}
}
else
{
context.response.statuscode = 401;
context.response.contenttype = "application/json";
return context.response.writeasync("{\"status\":401,\"statusmsg\":\"auth vaild fail\"}");
}
}
}
}
7.中间件暴露出去
public static class useusejwtmiddlewareextensions
{
/// <summary>
/// 权限检查
/// </summary>
/// <param name="builder"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static iapplicationbuilder usejwt(this iapplicationbuilder builder)
{
return builder.usemiddleware<usejwtmiddleware>();
}
}
8.在startup.configure中使用中间件：
app.usejwt();
以1的配置为例：
除了请求 /auth/gettoken 不需要加头信息外，其他的请求一律要求头信息中必须带着
userless:prefix (从auth/gettoken中获取到的token)
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持移动技术网。
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