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hibernate属性级别注解实例代码

2019年07月19日  | 移动技术网IT编程  | 我要评论

属性级别注解

添加方式:

        写在属性字段上面
写在属性的get访问器的上面

@id

    必须,定义了映射到数据库表的主键的属性,一个实体类可以有一个或者多个属性被映射为主键,可置于主键属性或者getxxx()前,注意:如果有多个属性定义为主键属性,该实体类必须实现serializable接口

@sequencegenerator
@generatedvalue
  @generatedvalue(strategy=generationtype,generator=""):可选,用于定义主键生成策略

  strategy表示主键生成策略,取值有:

       generationtype.auto:根据底层数据库自动选择(默认)
generationtype.indentity:根据数据库的identity字段生成
generationtype.sequence:使用sequence来决定主键的取值
generationtype.table:使用指定表来决定主键取值,结合@tablegenerator使用

@column

     @column-可将属性映射到列,使用该注解来覆盖默认值,@column描述了数据库表中该字段的详细定义,这对于根据jpa
注解生成数据库表结构的工具非常有作用。

常用属性:

name:可选,表示数据库表中该字段的名称,默认情形属性名称一致
nullable:可选,表示该字段是否允许为null,默认为true
unique:可选,表示该字段是否为唯一标识,默认为false
length:可选,表示该字段的大小,仅对string类型的字段有效,默认值225,主键不能使用默认值
insertable:可选,表示在orm框架执行插入操作时,该字段是否应出现insertrt语句中,默认为true
updateable:可选,表示在orm框架执行更新操作时,该字段是否应该出现在update语句中,默认为true。对于已经创建
就不可以更改的字段,该属性非常有用

@embedded

@embedded是注释属性的,表示该属性的类是嵌入类。

注意:同时嵌入类也必须标注@embeddable注解

@embeddedid

@embeddedid使用嵌入式主键类实现复合主键

注意:嵌入式主键类必须实现serializable接口、必须有默认的public无参数的构造方法、必须覆盖equals和hashcode方法

@lob
@version
@basic
@transient

      可选,表示该属性并非一个到数据库表的字段的映射,orm框架将忽略该属性,如果一个属性并非数据库表的字段映射,就
务必将其标示为@transient,否则orm框架默认其注解为@basic

实例:

hibernate.properties配置:

<!doctype hibernate-configuration public 
  "-//hibernate/hibernate configuration dtd 3.0//en" 
  "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> 
 
<hibernate-configuration> 
  <session-factory> 
  <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.mysqldialect</property> 
    <!--  
    <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.driver</property> 
    <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///hibernate_struts_stumanager</property> 
     --> 
    <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.driver</property> 
    <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mypage</property> 
     
     
    <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property> 
    <property name="hibernate.connection.password">root</property> 
    <property name="hibernate.show_sql">false</property> 
    <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property> 
  <!--   <property name="hibernate_current_session_context_class">thread</property> --> 
    <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property> 
    <mapping class="com.entity.students"/> 
  </session-factory> 
</hibernate-configuration> 

实体类student:

package com.entity; 
import java.io.serializable; 
import java.util.date; 
import javax.persistence.column; 
import javax.persistence.embedded; 
import javax.persistence.embeddedid; 
import javax.persistence.entity;//jpa注解 
import javax.persistence.generatedvalue; 
import javax.persistence.generationtype; 
import javax.persistence.id; 
import javax.persistence.table; 
import javax.persistence.transient; 
import org.hibernate.annotations.genericgenerator; 
/* 
 * 学生实体类 
 */ 
//@entity// 
//@entity(name="t_students")//如果不添加名字,则默认与实体类名字相同,如果想要自行设置表明,就需要自己进行添加 
@entity 
@table(name="t_students1",schema="mypage") 
public class students implements serializable{ 
     @id 
//    @generatedvalue 
//    @generatedvalue(strategy=generationtype.auto)//与@generatedvalue结果相同,字符串类型不能指定为auto类型 
//     private int sid; //学号 
//    @generatedvalue(generator="sid") 
//    @genericgenerator(name="sid",strategy="assigned") 
//    @column(length=11) 
//    private string sid; 
     @embeddedid 
     private studentpk pk; 
//    @id 
//     
//    @column(length=11) 
     private string sname;//姓名 
     private string gender;//性别 
     private date birthday;//出生日期 
     private string major;//专业 
     private address add; 
     @transient   //表示该字段不会被orm映射到表里的字段 
     private double salary;//薪水 
     public students(){ 
     } 
    public students(studentpk pk, string sname, string gender, 
        date date, string major,address add,double salary) { 
//     super(); 
      this.pk = pk; 
      this.sname = sname; 
      this.gender = gender; 
      this.birthday = date; 
      this.major = major; 
      this.add = add; 
      this.salary = salary; 
    } 
    public studentpk getpk() { 
      return pk; 
    } 
    public void setpk(studentpk pk) { 
      this.pk = pk; 
    } 
    public string getsname() { 
      return sname; 
    } 
    public void setsname(string sname) { 
      this.sname = sname; 
    } 
    public string getgender() { 
      return gender; 
    } 
    public void setgender(string gender) { 
      this.gender = gender; 
    } 
    public date getbirthday() { 
      return birthday; 
    } 
    public void setbirthday(date birthday) { 
      this.birthday = birthday; 
    } 
    public string getmajor() { 
      return major; 
    } 
    public void setmajor(string major) { 
      this.major = major; 
    } 
    public address getadd() { 
      return add; 
    } 
    public void setadd(address add) { 
      this.add = add; 
    } 
    public double getsalary() { 
      return salary; 
    } 
    public void setsalary(double salary) { 
      this.salary = salary; 
    } 
      
} 

studentpk实体类:

package com.entity; 
import java.io.serializable; 
import javax.persistence.column; 
import javax.persistence.embeddable; 
@embeddable 
public class studentpk implements serializable{ 
    /** 
   * 
   */ 
  private static final long serialversionuid = 1l; 
  @column(length=18) 
  private string id;//身份证号 
  @column(length=8) 
    private string sid;//学号 
    public studentpk(){ 
    } 
  public studentpk(string id, string sid) { 
    this.id = id; 
    this.sid = sid; 
  } 
  public string getid() { 
    return id; 
  } 
  public void setid(string id) { 
    this.id = id; 
  } 
  public string getsid() { 
    return sid; 
  } 
  public void setsid(string sid) { 
    this.sid = sid; 
  } 
  @override 
  public boolean equals(object obj) { 
    // todo auto-generated method stub 
    return super.equals(obj); 
  } 
  @override 
  public int hashcode() { 
    // todo auto-generated method stub 
    return super.hashcode(); 
  } 
} 

地址类:

package com.entity; 
import javax.persistence.embeddable; 
import javax.persistence.embedded; 
// 地址类 
@embeddable //表示是一个嵌入类,这个类的对象在另一个实体类中充当属性  
public class address { 
   private string postcode;//邮编 
   private string address;//地址 
   private string phone;//联系电话 
   public address(){ 
   } 
    
  public address(string postcode, string address, string phone) { 
    this.postcode = postcode; 
    this.address = address; 
    this.phone = phone; 
  } 
 
  public string getpostcode() { 
    return postcode; 
  } 
  public void setpostcode(string postcode) { 
    this.postcode = postcode; 
  } 
  @embedded 
  public string getaddress() { 
    return address; 
  } 
  public void setaddress(string address) { 
    this.address = address; 
  } 
  public string getphone() { 
    return phone; 
  } 
  public void setphone(string phone) { 
    this.phone = phone; 
  } 
    
} 

测试类:

package com.entity; 
 
import java.util.date; 
import java.util.enumset; 
import org.hibernate.session; 
import org.hibernate.sessionfactory; 
import org.hibernate.transaction; 
import org.hibernate.cfg.configuration; 
import org.hibernate.service.serviceregistry; 
import org.hibernate.service.serviceregistrybuilder; 
import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.schemaexport; 
import org.junit.test; 
public class teststudents { 
  @test 
    public void testshemaexport(){ 
      //创建hibernate配置对象 
      configuration config = new configuration().configure(); 
      //创建服务注册对象 
      serviceregistry serviceregistry = new serviceregistrybuilder().applysettings(config.getproperties()).buildserviceregistry(); 
      //生成sessionfactory 
      sessionfactory sessionfactory = config.buildsessionfactory(serviceregistry); 
      schemaexport export = new schemaexport(config); 
      export.create(true,true); 
    } 
  @test 
  public void addstudents(){ 
     //创建hibernate配置对象 
    configuration config = new configuration().configure(); 
    //创建服务注册对象 
    serviceregistry serviceregistry = new serviceregistrybuilder().applysettings(config.getproperties()).buildserviceregistry(); 
    //生成sessionfactory 
    sessionfactory sessionfactory = config.buildsessionfactory(serviceregistry); 
    //创建会话 
    session session = sessionfactory.getcurrentsession(); 
    //创建事务 
    transaction tx = session.begintransaction(); 
    address add = new address("700005","河南理工大学","15039117115"); 
    studentpk pk = new studentpk("012345678912345678","55555555"); 
    students s = new students(pk,"张三丰","男",new date(),"太极拳",add,7899); 
    session.save(s); 
    tx.commit(); 
//   schemaexport export = new schemaexport(config); 
//    export.create(true,true); 
  } 
} 

总结

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