本文实例讲述了java实现excel导入导出数据库的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
由于公司需求，想通过excel导入数据添加到数据库中，而导入的excel的字段是不固定的，使用得通过动态创建数据表，每个excel对应一张数据表，怎么动态创建数据表，可以参考前面一篇《java使用jdbc动态创建数据表及sql预处理的方法》。
下面主要讲讲怎么将excel导入到数据库中，直接上代码：干货走起~~
excelltoobjectutil 类
主要功能是讲excel中的数据导入到数据库中，有几个注意点就是
1.一般excel中第一行是字段名称，不需要导入，所以从第二行开始计算
2.每列的匹配要和对象的属性一样
我要评论
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.text.decimalformat;
import java.util.arraylist;
import java.util.list;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.hssfcell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.hssfrow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.hssfsheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.hssfworkbook;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.poifsfilesystem;
import com.forenms.exam.domain.examinfo;
public class excelltoobjectutil {
//examid,realname,身份证,user_card,sex,没有字段,assessment_project,admission_number,seat_number
/**
* 读取xls文件内容
*
* @return list<xlsdto>对象
* @throws ioexception
* 输入/输出(i/o)异常
*/
public static list<examinfo> readxls(poifsfilesystem poifsfilesystem) throws ioexception {
// inputstream is = new fileinputstream(filepath);
hssfworkbook hssfworkbook = new hssfworkbook(poifsfilesystem);
examinfo exam = null;
list<examinfo> list = new arraylist<examinfo>();
// 循环工作表sheet
for (int numsheet = 0; numsheet < hssfworkbook.getnumberofsheets(); numsheet++) {
hssfsheet hssfsheet = hssfworkbook.getsheetat(numsheet);
if (hssfsheet == null) {
continue;
}
// 循环行row
for (int rownum = 1; rownum <= hssfsheet.getlastrownum(); rownum++) {
hssfrow hssfrow = hssfsheet.getrow(rownum);
if (hssfrow == null) {
continue;
}
exam = new examinfo();
// 循环列cell
hssfcell examid = hssfrow.getcell(1);
if (examid == null) {
continue;
}
double id = double.parsedouble(getvalue(examid));
exam.setexamid((int)id);
// hssfcell realname = hssfrow.getcell(2);
// if (realname == null) {
// continue;
// }
// exam.setrealname(getvalue(realname));
// hssfcell usercard = hssfrow.getcell(4);
// if (usercard == null) {
// continue;
// }
//
// exam.setusercard(getvalue(usercard));
hssfcell admission_number = hssfrow.getcell(8);
if (admission_number == null) {
continue;
}
exam.setadmission_number(getvalue(admission_number));
hssfcell seat_number = hssfrow.getcell(9);
if (seat_number == null) {
continue;
}
exam.setseat_number(getvalue(seat_number));
list.add(exam);
}
}
return list;
}
public static list<examinfo> readxlsforjs(poifsfilesystem poifsfilesystem) throws ioexception {
// inputstream is = new fileinputstream(filepath);
hssfworkbook hssfworkbook = new hssfworkbook(poifsfilesystem);
examinfo exam = null;
list<examinfo> list = new arraylist<examinfo>();
// 循环工作表sheet
for (int numsheet = 0; numsheet < hssfworkbook.getnumberofsheets(); numsheet++) {
hssfsheet hssfsheet = hssfworkbook.getsheetat(numsheet);
if (hssfsheet == null) {
continue;
}
// 循环行row
for (int rownum = 1; rownum <= hssfsheet.getlastrownum(); rownum++) {
hssfrow hssfrow = hssfsheet.getrow(rownum);
if (hssfrow == null) {
continue;
}
exam = new examinfo();
// 循环列cell 准考证号
hssfcell admission_number = hssfrow.getcell(0);
if (admission_number == null) {
continue;
}
exam.setadmission_number(getvalue(admission_number));
//读取身份证号
hssfcell usercard= hssfrow.getcell(2);
if (usercard == null) {
continue;
}
exam.setusercard(getvalue(usercard));
//读取座位号
hssfcell seat_number = hssfrow.getcell(3);
if (seat_number == null) {
continue;
}
exam.setseat_number(getvalue(seat_number));
//读取考场号
hssfcell froomname = hssfrow.getcell(6);
if (froomname == null) {
continue;
}
exam.setfroomname(getvalue(froomname));
//读取开考时间
hssfcell fbegintime = hssfrow.getcell(8);
if (fbegintime == null) {
continue;
}
exam.setfbegintime(getvalue(fbegintime));
//读取结束时间
hssfcell fendtime = hssfrow.getcell(9);
if (fendtime == null) {
continue;
}
exam.setfendtime(getvalue(fendtime));
list.add(exam);
}
}
return list;
}
/**
* 得到excel表中的值
*
* @param hssfcell
* excel中的每一个格子
* @return excel中每一个格子中的值
*/
private static string getvalue(hssfcell hssfcell) {
if (hssfcell.getcelltype() == hssfcell.cell_type_boolean) {
// 返回布尔类型的值
return string.valueof(hssfcell.getbooleancellvalue());
} else if (hssfcell.getcelltype() == hssfcell.cell_type_numeric) {
// 返回数值类型的值
decimalformat df = new decimalformat("0");
string strcell = df.format(hssfcell.getnumericcellvalue());
return string.valueof(strcell);
} else {
// 返回字符串类型的值
return string.valueof(hssfcell.getstringcellvalue());
}
}
}
当然有导入功能，一定也有导出功能，下面介绍导出功能，直接上代码：
import java.io.outputstream;
import java.util.list;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.hssfcell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.hssfrichtextstring;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.hssfrow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.hssfsheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.hssfworkbook;
import com.forenms.exam.domain.examinfo;
public class objecttoexcellutil {
//导出的文件名称
public static string file_name = "examinfo";
public static string[] cells = {"序号","编号","真实姓名","证件类型","证件号","性别","出生年月","科目","准考证号","座位号","考场号","开考时间","结束时间"};
//examid,realname,身份证,user_card,sex,没有字段,assessment_project,admission_number,seat_number
public static void examinfotoexcel(list<examinfo> xls,int countcolumnnum,string filename,string[] names,httpservletresponse response) throws exception {
// 获取总列数
// int countcolumnnum = countcolumnnum;
// 创建excel文档
hssfworkbook hwb = new hssfworkbook();
examinfo xlsdto = null;
// sheet 对应一个工作页
hssfsheet sheet = hwb.createsheet(filename);
// sheet.setcolumnhidden(1,true);//隐藏列
hssfrow firstrow = sheet.createrow(0); // 下标为0的行开始
hssfcell[] firstcell = new hssfcell[names.length];
for (int j = 0; j < names.length; j++) {
sheet.setcolumnwidth(j, 5000);
firstcell[j] = firstrow.createcell(j);
firstcell[j].setcellvalue(new hssfrichtextstring(names[j]));
}
for (int i = 0; i < countcolumnnum; i++) {
// 创建一行
hssfrow row = sheet.createrow(i + 1);
// 得到要插入的每一条记录
xlsdto = xls.get(i);
for (int colu = 0; colu <= 12; colu++) {
// 在一行内循环
hssfcell xh = row.createcell(0);
xh.setcellvalue(i+1);
hssfcell examid = row.createcell(1);
examid.setcellvalue(xlsdto.getexamid());
hssfcell realname = row.createcell(2);
realname.setcellvalue(xlsdto.getrealname());
hssfcell zjlx = row.createcell(3);
zjlx.setcellvalue("身份证");
hssfcell usercard = row.createcell(4);
usercard.setcellvalue(xlsdto.getusercard());
hssfcell sex = row.createcell(5);
sex.setcellvalue(xlsdto.getsex());
hssfcell born = row.createcell(6);
string borntime = xlsdto.getusercard().substring(6, 14);
born.setcellvalue(borntime);
hssfcell assessment_project = row.createcell(7);
assessment_project.setcellvalue(xlsdto.getassessmentproject());
hssfcell admission_number = row.createcell(8);
admission_number.setcellvalue(xlsdto.getadmission_number());
hssfcell seat_number = row.createcell(9);
seat_number.setcellvalue(xlsdto.getseat_number());
hssfcell froomname = row.createcell(10);
froomname.setcellvalue(xlsdto.getfroomname());
hssfcell fbegintime = row.createcell(11);
fbegintime.setcellvalue(xlsdto.getfbegintime());
hssfcell fendtime = row.createcell(12);
fendtime.setcellvalue(xlsdto.getfendtime());
}
}
// 创建文件输出流，准备输出电子表格
response.reset();
response.setcontenttype("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=gbk");
response.addheader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename="+filename+".xls");
outputstream os = response.getoutputstream();
hwb.write(os);
os.close();
}
}
导出的功能十分简单，只要封装好对象，直接调用方法即可，现在讲讲导入的时候前台页面怎么调用问题，
<form method="post" action="adminlogin/auditresults/import" enctype="multipart/form-data" onsubmit="return importdata();"> <input id="filepath" name="insuranceexcelfile" type="file" size="30" value="" style="font-size:14px" /> <button type="submit" style="height:25px" value="导入数据">导入数据</button>
导入的前台表单提交的时候，要注意设置 enctype=”multipart/form-data” ，其他也没什么难度。
后台接受的controller：
/**
* 读取用户提供的examinfo.xls
* @param request
* @param response
* @param session
* @return
* @throws exception
*/
@requestmapping(value="adminlogin/auditresults/import",method=requestmethod.post)
public modelandview importexaminfoexcell(httpservletrequest request,httpservletresponse response, httpsession session)throws exception{
//获取请求封装
multiparthttpservletrequest multipartrequest=(multiparthttpservletrequest)request;
map<string, multipartfile> filemap = multipartrequest.getfilemap();
//读取需要填写准考证号的人员名单
examinfo examinfo = new examinfo();
list<examinfo> info = examinfoservice.queryexaminfofordownload(examinfo);
//获取请求封装对象
for(entry<string, multipartfile> entry: filemap.entryset()){
multipartfile multipartfile = entry.getvalue();
inputstream inputstream = multipartfile.getinputstream();
poifsfilesystem poifsfilesystem = new poifsfilesystem(inputstream);
//从xml读取需要的数据
list<examinfo> list = excelltoobjectutil.readxlsforjs(poifsfilesystem);
for (examinfo ei : list) {
//通过匹配身份证号 填写对应的数据
for (examinfo in : info){
//如果身份证号 相同 则录入数据
if(in.getusercard().trim().touppercase().equals(ei.getusercard().trim().touppercase())){
ei.setexamid(in.getexamid());
examinfoservice.updateexaminfobyid(ei);
break;
}
}
}
}
modelandview mav=new modelandview(path+"importexceltip");
request.setattribute("data", "ok");
return mav;
}
好了，excel导入导出的功能都搞定了，简单吧，需求自己修改一下 封装的对象格式和设置excel的每个列即可自己使用！！
更多关于java相关内容感兴趣的读者可查看本站专题：《java操作excel技巧总结》、《java+mysql数据库程序设计总结》、《java数据结构与算法教程》、《java文件与目录操作技巧汇总》及《java操作dom节点技巧总结》
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