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SpringBoot添加Email发送功能及常见异常详解

2019年07月22日  | 移动技术网IT编程  | 我要评论

1、完整的邮件发送代码

1.1、依赖包

<dependency>
      <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
      <artifactid>spring-support</artifactid>
      <version>2.0.8</version>
      <exclusions> 
        <exclusion> 
          <groupid>javax.servlet</groupid> 
          <artifactid>servlet-api</artifactid>          
        </exclusion> 
      </exclusions>              
</dependency>
<dependency>
      <groupid>javax.mail</groupid>
      <artifactid>mail</artifactid>
      <version>1.4.7</version>
</dependency>

主要用到了两个jar包：mail-1.4.7.jar、spring-support-2.0.8.jar.

1.2、邮件发送类

package com.autonavi.utils;

import java.util.properties;

import javax.mail.messagingexception;
import javax.mail.internet.mimemessage;

import org.slf4j.logger;
import org.slf4j.loggerfactory;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.javamailsenderimpl;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.mimemessagehelper;

import com.autonavi.constants.constant;

public class emailutils {

  private static final logger logger = loggerfactory.getlogger(emailutils.class);

  public static boolean sendhtmlmail(string subject,string content,string receiver){

    boolean result = true;

    try{
      javamailsenderimpl senderimpl = new javamailsenderimpl(); 

      // 设定mail server 
      senderimpl.sethost("smtp.abcdefg.com"); 
      senderimpl.setport(345);
      senderimpl.setusername(constant.email);               // 根据自己的情况,设置发件邮箱地址 
      senderimpl.setpassword(constant.email_password);          // 根据自己的情况, 设置password 
      senderimpl.setdefaultencoding("utf-8");
      properties prop = new properties(); 
      prop.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");                 // 将这个参数设为true，让服务器进行认证,认证用户名和密码是否正确 
      prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
      prop.put("mail.smtp.socketfactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.sslsocketfactory");
      senderimpl.setjavamailproperties(prop); 

      // 建立邮件消息,发送简单邮件和html邮件的区别 
      mimemessage mailmessage = senderimpl.createmimemessage(); 
      mimemessagehelper messagehelper = new mimemessagehelper(mailmessage); 

      // 设置收件人，寄件人 
      messagehelper.setto(receiver); 
      messagehelper.setfrom(constant.email); 
      messagehelper.setsubject(subject);
      // true 表示启动html格式的邮件 
      messagehelper.settext(content,true); 

      // 发送邮件 
      senderimpl.send(mailmessage); 
    } catch (messagingexception e) {
      // todo auto-generated catch block
      result = false;
      logger.info("emailutils.method [sendhtmlmail]: email send result-" + result +",error message-" + e);
    }

    return result;
  }

}

以上设置中，有几个点需要注意：

第一点： 

senderimpl.setusername(constant.email); 
senderimpl.setpassword(constant.email_password);

上面两个方法是用来设置发件的邮箱，邮箱地址要写全，如aba@abc.com。

如果设置得不对，会提示权限错误。

第二点： 

senderimpl.setdefaultencoding(“utf-8”);

这个一定记得设置，否则会邮件发出去会是下面这种结果。

这里写图片描述 

第三点： 

properties prop = new properties(); 
prop.put(“mail.smtp.auth”, “true”); 
prop.put(“mail.smtp.ssl.enable”, “true”); 
prop.put(“mail.smtp.socketfactory.class”, “javax.net.ssl.sslsocketfactory”); 
senderimpl.setjavamailproperties(prop);

一定要记得配置properties，且上述配置缺一不可，如果没配置，大家会看见各种奇怪的异常。

1.3、邮件正文处理，使用html模版

下面的gethtmlstr()方法用来将待发送的内容处理为html模版。

public static string gethtmlstr(jsonarray data,string receiver,int day){

    jsonobject json = data.getjsonobject(0);
    string title = json.getstring("task_tittle");
    // no.1、获取收件人名
    string receivername = getemailstr(receiver);
    // no.2、获取邮件表格
    string emailtable = gettablestr(data);
    // no.3、获取邮件时间
    string emaildate = date2str.getcurrentdate2();

    string html = "<html><head></head><body>"
          + "<p>" +receivername+" 您好,</p>"
          + "<p>    生产日程-<font size=\"4\" color=\"#ff0000\" face=\"verdana\" >"+title+"</font>中的下列任务将于<font size=\"4\" color=\"#ff0000\" face=\"verdana\" >"+day+"</font>天后开始启动，请关注:</p>"
          + "<div style=\"padding-left:20px\">"
          + "<table border=\"1px\" cellspacing=\"0px\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse\">"
          + "<tr>"
          + "<td>任务名</td><td>启动时间</td><td>结束时间</td>"
          + "</tr>"
          + emailtable
          + "</table></div>"
          + "<p>    每项任务的详细情况,请登陆 "
          + "<a href=\"http://100.78.205.244:8080\"><font size=\"4\" color=\"#ff0000\">项目综合管理&评价系统</font></a> 查看!</p>"
          + "<p>项目综合管理&评价系统</br>"+emaildate+"</p>"
          + "</body></html>";

    return html;
  }

应用改模版后，发出的邮件显示效果如下：

这里写图片描述 

至于具体业务场景，你想定义什么样的模版都行。

2、常见异常

503异常

2016-04-13-16-48 [scheduler-3] [org.springframework.scheduling.support.taskutils$loggingerrorhandler] [error] - unexpected error occurred in scheduled task.
 org.springframework.mail.mailsendexception; nested exception details (1) are:
failed message 1:
javax.mail.sendfailedexception: invalid addresses;
 nested exception is:
  com.sun.mail.smtp.smtpaddressfailedexception: 503 rcpt account isn't a local account

  at com.sun.mail.smtp.smtptransport.rcptto(smtptransport.java:1862)
  at com.sun.mail.smtp.smtptransport.sendmessage(smtptransport.java:1118)
  at org.springframework.mail.javamail.javamailsenderimpl.dosend(javamailsenderimpl.java:388)
  at org.springframework.mail.javamail.javamailsenderimpl.send(javamailsenderimpl.java:332)
  at org.springframework.mail.javamail.javamailsenderimpl.send(javamailsenderimpl.java:328)
  at com.autonavi.utils.emailutils.sendhtmlmail(emailutils.java:50)
  at com.autonavi.method.gaokuai.issueforward.action(issueforward.java:81)
  at com.autonavi.task.scheduledtasks.executeautoassigntask(scheduledtasks.java:121)
  at sun.reflect.nativemethodaccessorimpl.invoke0(native method)
  at sun.reflect.nativemethodaccessorimpl.invoke(nativemethodaccessorimpl.java:57)
  at sun.reflect.delegatingmethodaccessorimpl.invoke(delegatingmethodaccessorimpl.java:43)
  at java.lang.reflect.method.invoke(method.java:606)
  at org.springframework.scheduling.support.scheduledmethodrunnable.run(scheduledmethodrunnable.java:65)
  at org.springframework.scheduling.support.delegatingerrorhandlingrunnable.run(delegatingerrorhandlingrunnable.java:54)
  at org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.reschedulingrunnable.run(reschedulingrunnable.java:81)
  at java.util.concurrent.executors$runnableadapter.call(executors.java:471)
  at java.util.concurrent.futuretask.run(futuretask.java:262)
  at java.util.concurrent.scheduledthreadpoolexecutor$scheduledfuturetask.access$201(scheduledthreadpoolexecutor.java:178)
  at java.util.concurrent.scheduledthreadpoolexecutor$scheduledfuturetask.run(scheduledthreadpoolexecutor.java:292)
  at java.util.concurrent.threadpoolexecutor.runworker(threadpoolexecutor.java:1145)
  at java.util.concurrent.threadpoolexecutor$worker.run(threadpoolexecutor.java:615)
  at java.lang.thread.run(thread.java:745)
caused by: com.sun.mail.smtp.smtpaddressfailedexception: 503 rcpt account isn't a local account

  at com.sun.mail.smtp.smtptransport.rcptto(smtptransport.java:1715)
  ... 21 more

如果运行过程中报上述异常，请再次核对收发邮件的邮箱账号是否有效。

3、总结

springboot邮件发送主要是利用已封装好的两个jar包：mail-1.4.7.jar、spring-support-2.0.8.jar，使得配置邮件发送不再复杂。

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