md5,全称为 message digest algorithm 5(消息摘要算法第五版).详情请参考
md5加密后是一个字节数组, 但我们一般是取其十六进制的字符串表示法,当然,十六进制数字符串是区分大小写,在 mysql数据库,java,和javascript语言中,一般是使用小写的字符串来表示, 而在 oracle数据库官方提供的包中,返回的是大写字符串,这算是一个坑,如果你想要执行多次 md5,可能需要转换为小写.
相关的代码如下:
1. java版md5
md5util.java
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package com.cncounter.util.common;
import java.security.messagedigest;
import java.security.nosuchalgorithmexception;
/**
* java消息摘要算法 md5 工具类,其实其他摘要算法的实现也类似
*/
public class md5util {
/**
* 对文本执行 md5 摘要加密, 此算法与 mysql,javascript生成的md5摘要进行过一致性对比.
* @param plaintext
* @return 返回值中的字母为小写
*/
public static string md5(string plaintext) {
if (null == plaintext) {
plaintext = "";
}
string md5str = "";
try {
// jdk 6 支持以下6种消息摘要算法，不区分大小写
// md5,sha(sha-1),md2,sha-256,sha-384,sha-512
messagedigest md = messagedigest.getinstance("md5");
md.update(plaintext.getbytes());
byte b[] = md.digest();
int i;
stringbuilder builder = new stringbuilder(32);
for (int offset = 0; offset < b.length; offset++) {
i = b[offset];
if (i < 0)
i += 256;
if (i < 16)
builder.append("0");
builder.append(integer.tohexstring(i));
}
md5str = builder.tostring();
// logutil.println("result: " + buf.tostring());// 32位的加密
} catch (nosuchalgorithmexception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
return md5str;
}
// 一个简版测试
public static void main(string[] args) {
string m1 = md5("1");
string m2 = md5(m1);
/* 输出为
* m1=c4ca4238a0b923820dcc509a6f75849b
* m2=28c8edde3d61a0411511d3b1866f0636
*/
system.out.println("m1="+m1);
system.out.println("m2="+m2);
}
}
2. mysql版md5
mysql直接支持 md5函数调用
select md5('1') as m1, md5(md5('1')) as m2;
执行结果为:
mariadb [(none)]> select md5('1') as m1, md5(md5('1')) as m2;
+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| m1 | m2 |
+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| c4ca4238a0b923820dcc509a6f75849b | 28c8edde3d61a0411511d3b1866f0636 |
+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
3. javascript 版md5函数
md5.js 代码如下:
/*! javascript 的 md5 实现 */
// 括号表达式, (xxxxx) 是用来将内部的语句、表达式的结果作为一个结果.
// 常见的是将json字符串用 eval 解析时,需要 eval("(" +jsonstr+ ")");
// () 内部定义了一个空间, 里面定义的变量不会污染到全局空间,很适合做lib
// (function umd(对象/函数名name, 上下文this, 函数/对象的定义)) 返回一个匿名函数
// 因为第一个括号内 的结果是一个函数,而函数可以这样调用: (function(形参){})(实参);
// 这种匿名函数被浏览器解析后会自动执行一次.
(function umd(name, context, definition) {
if ( typeof module !== "undefined" && module.exports) {
// 如果 module 存在,并且module.exports存在,则将赋值结果赋给 它
// 可以不用管
module.exports = definition();
} else if ( typeof define === "function" && define.amd) {
// 如果 define 这个函数存在,应该是另一个基础类库，则使用define
// 可以不用管
define(definition);
} else {
// 简单一点,可以看成: 调用传入的definition函数，将返回的对象绑定到全局空间
// 当然,根据传入的上下文不同,也可以绑定到其他对象下面,成为一个属性方法.
context[name] = definition(name, context);
}
}
)("md5", this, function def(name, context) {"use strict";
// 上面的 use strict 表示严格语法模式,有错误就拒绝执行.
// 而普通的js,是解释执行,不执行的地方,有些错误也不影响其他代码的执行
// 作为类库,使用严格模式是很有必要的.严格模式声明必须放到一个namespace空间的最起始处.
//
var old_public_api = (context || {})[name];
// 最后要返回的对象/函数.
function md5_func(text) {
return hex_md5(text);
};
// 下面一堆是具体的算法... 可以先不用管
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//计算md5
var hexcase = 0;
function hex_md5(a) {
if (a == "")
return a;
return rstr2hex(rstr_md5(str2rstr_utf8(a)))
};
function hex_hmac_md5(a, b) {
return rstr2hex(rstr_hmac_md5(str2rstr_utf8(a), str2rstr_utf8(b)))
};
function md5_vm_test() {
return hex_md5("abc").tolowercase() == "900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72"
};
function rstr_md5(a) {
return binl2rstr(binl_md5(rstr2binl(a), a.length * 8))
};
function rstr_hmac_md5(c, f) {
var e = rstr2binl(c);
if (e.length > 16) {
e = binl_md5(e, c.length * 8)
}
var a = array(16), d = array(16);
for (var b = 0; b < 16; b++) {
a[b] = e[b] ^ 909522486;
d[b] = e[b] ^ 1549556828
}
var g = binl_md5(a.concat(rstr2binl(f)), 512 + f.length * 8);
return binl2rstr(binl_md5(d.concat(g), 512 + 128))
};
function rstr2hex(c) {
try { hexcase
} catch(g) {
hexcase = 0
}
var f = hexcase ? "0123456789abcdef" : "0123456789abcdef";
var b = "";
var a;
for (var d = 0; d < c.length; d++) {
a = c.charcodeat(d);
b += f.charat((a >>> 4) & 15) + f.charat(a & 15)
}
return b
};
function str2rstr_utf8(c) {
var b = "";
var d = -1;
var a, e;
while (++d < c.length) {
a = c.charcodeat(d);
e = d + 1 < c.length ? c.charcodeat(d + 1) : 0;
if (55296 <= a && a <= 56319 && 56320 <= e && e <= 57343) {
a = 65536 + ((a & 1023) << 10) + (e & 1023);
d++
}
if (a <= 127) {
b += string.fromcharcode(a)
} else {
if (a <= 2047) {
b += string.fromcharcode(192 | ((a >>> 6) & 31), 128 | (a & 63))
} else {
if (a <= 65535) {
b += string.fromcharcode(224 | ((a >>> 12) & 15), 128 | ((a >>> 6) & 63), 128 | (a & 63))
} else {
if (a <= 2097151) {
b += string.fromcharcode(240 | ((a >>> 18) & 7), 128 | ((a >>> 12) & 63), 128 | ((a >>> 6) & 63), 128 | (a & 63))
}
}
}
}
}
return b
};
function rstr2binl(b) {
var a = array(b.length >> 2);
for (var c = 0; c < a.length; c++) {
a[c] = 0
}
for (var c = 0; c < b.length * 8; c += 8) {
a[c >> 5] |= (b.charcodeat(c / 8) & 255) << (c % 32)
}
return a
};
function binl2rstr(b) {
var a = "";
for (var c = 0; c < b.length * 32; c += 8) {
a += string.fromcharcode((b[c >> 5] >>> (c % 32)) & 255)
}
return a
};
function binl_md5(p, k) {
p[k >> 5] |= 128 << ((k) % 32);
p[(((k + 64) >>> 9) << 4) + 14] = k;
var o = 1732584193;
var n = -271733879;
var m = -1732584194;
var l = 271733878;
for (var g = 0; g < p.length; g += 16) {
var j = o;
var h = n;
var f = m;
var e = l;
o = md5_ff(o, n, m, l, p[g + 0], 7, -680876936);
l = md5_ff(l, o, n, m, p[g + 1], 12, -389564586);
m = md5_ff(m, l, o, n, p[g + 2], 17, 606105819);
n = md5_ff(n, m, l, o, p[g + 3], 22, -1044525330);
o = md5_ff(o, n, m, l, p[g + 4], 7, -176418897);
l = md5_ff(l, o, n, m, p[g + 5], 12, 1200080426);
m = md5_ff(m, l, o, n, p[g + 6], 17, -1473231341);
n = md5_ff(n, m, l, o, p[g + 7], 22, -45705983);
o = md5_ff(o, n, m, l, p[g + 8], 7, 1770035416);
l = md5_ff(l, o, n, m, p[g + 9], 12, -1958414417);
m = md5_ff(m, l, o, n, p[g + 10], 17, -42063);
n = md5_ff(n, m, l, o, p[g + 11], 22, -1990404162);
o = md5_ff(o, n, m, l, p[g + 12], 7, 1804603682);
l = md5_ff(l, o, n, m, p[g + 13], 12, -40341101);
m = md5_ff(m, l, o, n, p[g + 14], 17, -1502002290);
n = md5_ff(n, m, l, o, p[g + 15], 22, 1236535329);
o = md5_gg(o, n, m, l, p[g + 1], 5, -165796510);
l = md5_gg(l, o, n, m, p[g + 6], 9, -1069501632);
m = md5_gg(m, l, o, n, p[g + 11], 14, 643717713);
n = md5_gg(n, m, l, o, p[g + 0], 20, -373897302);
o = md5_gg(o, n, m, l, p[g + 5], 5, -701558691);
l = md5_gg(l, o, n, m, p[g + 10], 9, 38016083);
m = md5_gg(m, l, o, n, p[g + 15], 14, -660478335);
n = md5_gg(n, m, l, o, p[g + 4], 20, -405537848);
o = md5_gg(o, n, m, l, p[g + 9], 5, 568446438);
l = md5_gg(l, o, n, m, p[g + 14], 9, -1019803690);
m = md5_gg(m, l, o, n, p[g + 3], 14, -187363961);
n = md5_gg(n, m, l, o, p[g + 8], 20, 1163531501);
o = md5_gg(o, n, m, l, p[g + 13], 5, -1444681467);
l = md5_gg(l, o, n, m, p[g + 2], 9, -51403784);
m = md5_gg(m, l, o, n, p[g + 7], 14, 1735328473);
n = md5_gg(n, m, l, o, p[g + 12], 20, -1926607734);
o = md5_hh(o, n, m, l, p[g + 5], 4, -378558);
l = md5_hh(l, o, n, m, p[g + 8], 11, -2022574463);
m = md5_hh(m, l, o, n, p[g + 11], 16, 1839030562);
n = md5_hh(n, m, l, o, p[g + 14], 23, -35309556);
o = md5_hh(o, n, m, l, p[g + 1], 4, -1530992060);
l = md5_hh(l, o, n, m, p[g + 4], 11, 1272893353);
m = md5_hh(m, l, o, n, p[g + 7], 16, -155497632);
n = md5_hh(n, m, l, o, p[g + 10], 23, -1094730640);
o = md5_hh(o, n, m, l, p[g + 13], 4, 681279174);
l = md5_hh(l, o, n, m, p[g + 0], 11, -358537222);
m = md5_hh(m, l, o, n, p[g + 3], 16, -722521979);
n = md5_hh(n, m, l, o, p[g + 6], 23, 76029189);
o = md5_hh(o, n, m, l, p[g + 9], 4, -640364487);
l = md5_hh(l, o, n, m, p[g + 12], 11, -421815835);
m = md5_hh(m, l, o, n, p[g + 15], 16, 530742520);
n = md5_hh(n, m, l, o, p[g + 2], 23, -995338651);
o = md5_ii(o, n, m, l, p[g + 0], 6, -198630844);
l = md5_ii(l, o, n, m, p[g + 7], 10, 1126891415);
m = md5_ii(m, l, o, n, p[g + 14], 15, -1416354905);
n = md5_ii(n, m, l, o, p[g + 5], 21, -57434055);
o = md5_ii(o, n, m, l, p[g + 12], 6, 1700485571);
l = md5_ii(l, o, n, m, p[g + 3], 10, -1894986606);
m = md5_ii(m, l, o, n, p[g + 10], 15, -1051523);
n = md5_ii(n, m, l, o, p[g + 1], 21, -2054922799);
o = md5_ii(o, n, m, l, p[g + 8], 6, 1873313359);
l = md5_ii(l, o, n, m, p[g + 15], 10, -30611744);
m = md5_ii(m, l, o, n, p[g + 6], 15, -1560198380);
n = md5_ii(n, m, l, o, p[g + 13], 21, 1309151649);
o = md5_ii(o, n, m, l, p[g + 4], 6, -145523070);
l = md5_ii(l, o, n, m, p[g + 11], 10, -1120210379);
m = md5_ii(m, l, o, n, p[g + 2], 15, 718787259);
n = md5_ii(n, m, l, o, p[g + 9], 21, -343485551);
o = safe_add(o, j);
n = safe_add(n, h);
m = safe_add(m, f);
l = safe_add(l, e)
}
return array(o, n, m, l)
};
function md5_cmn(h, e, d, c, g, f) {
return safe_add(bit_rol(safe_add(safe_add(e, h), safe_add(c, f)), g), d)
};
function md5_ff(g, f, k, j, e, i, h) {
return md5_cmn((f & k) | ((~f) & j), g, f, e, i, h)
};
function md5_gg(g, f, k, j, e, i, h) {
return md5_cmn((f & j) | (k & (~j)), g, f, e, i, h)
};
function md5_hh(g, f, k, j, e, i, h) {
return md5_cmn(f ^ k ^ j, g, f, e, i, h)
};
function md5_ii(g, f, k, j, e, i, h) {
return md5_cmn(k ^ (f | (~j)), g, f, e, i, h)
};
function safe_add(a, d) {
var c = (a & 65535) + (d & 65535);
var b = (a >> 16) + (d >> 16) + (c >> 16);
return (b << 16) | (c & 65535)
};
function bit_rol(a, b) {
return (a << b) | (a >>> (32 - b))
};
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// 避免全局命名空间冲突
md5_func.noconflict = function publicapi$noconflict() {
if (context) {
// 将那个 name还原回原来的对象
context[name] = old_public_api;
}
// 返回自身,由调用的代码自己持有,保存,或赋值给某个变量
return md5_func;
};
// 返回的对象,会被绑定到 md5 之类的名字上,在外部就引用了此对象,
// 因为闭包特性,可以利用到闭包内部方法和内部对象。 lib一般都是利用这种闭包特性,维护私有的属性、对象,
// 对外只暴露一些方法(api),也就是 function, 外面只能调用这些api,方便内部进行逻辑控制,降低依赖.
return md5_func;
})
测试结果:
md5("1");
"c4ca4238a0b923820dcc509a6f75849b"
md5(md5("1"))
"28c8edde3d61a0411511d3b1866f0636"
4. oracle 数据库版md5
注意: 为了与在其他环境下的md5方法一致,需要转换为小写
需要创建一个存储函数:
create or replace function md5(passwd in varchar2) return varchar2 is retval varchar2(32); begin retval := lower(utl_raw.cast_to_raw( dbms_obfuscation_toolkit.md5(input_string => passwd)) ); return retval; end;
测试结果:
sql> select md5('1') as m1, md5(md5('1')) as m2 from dual
2 ;
m1
---------------------------------------
m2
---------------------------------------
c4ca4238a0b923820dcc509a6f75849b
28c8edde3d61a0411511d3b1866f0636
ps：这里再为大家提供2款md5加密工具，感兴趣的朋友可以参考一下：
md5在线加密工具：
在线md5/hash/sha-1/sha-2/sha-256/sha-512/sha-3/ripemd-160加密工具：
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