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Java中对XML的解析详解

2019年07月22日  | 移动技术网IT编程  | 我要评论

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先简单说下前三种方式：

dom方式：个人理解类似.net的xmldocument，解析的时候效率不高，占用内存，不适合大xml的解析；

sax方式：基于事件的解析，当解析到xml的某个部分的时候，会触发特定事件，可以在自定义的解析类中定义当事件触发时要做得事情；个人感觉一种很另类的方式，不知道.net体系下是否有没有类似的方式？

stax方式：个人理解类似.net的xmlreader方式，效率高，占用内存少，适用大xml的解析；

不过sax方式之前也用过，本文主要介绍jaxb，这里只贴下主要代码：

复制代码 代码如下:

import java.util.arraylist;
 import java.util.list;

 import org.xml.sax.attributes;
 import org.xml.sax.saxexception;
 import org.xml.sax.helpers.defaulthandler;

 public class configparser extends defaulthandler {
     private string currentconfigsection;

     public sysconfigitem sysconfig;
     public list<interfaceconfigitem> interfaceconfiglist;
     public list<ftpconfigitem> ftpconfiglist;
     public list<adapterconfigitem> adapterconfiglist;

     public void startdocument() throws saxexception {
         sysconfig = new sysconfigitem();
         interfaceconfiglist = new arraylist<interfaceconfigitem>();
         ftpconfiglist = new arraylist<ftpconfigitem>();
         adapterconfiglist = new arraylist<adapterconfigitem>();
     }

     public void enddocument() throws saxexception {

     }

     public void startelement(string uri, string localname, string qname, attributes attributes) throws saxexception {
         if (qname.equalsignorecase("item") && attributes.getlength() > 0) {
             if (currentconfigsection.equalsignorecase("sysconfigitem")) {
                 sysconfig = new sysconfigitem(attributes);
             } else if (currentconfigsection.equalsignorecase("interfaceconfigitems")) {
                 interfaceconfiglist.add(new interfaceconfigitem(attributes));
             } else if (currentconfigsection.equalsignorecase("ftpconfigitems")) {
                 ftpconfiglist.add(new ftpconfigitem(attributes));
             } else if (currentconfigsection.equalsignorecase("adapterconfigitems")) {
                 adapterconfiglist.add(new adapterconfigitem(attributes));
             }
         } else {
             currentconfigsection = qname;
         }
     }

     public void endelement(string uri, string localname, string qname) throws saxexception {

     }

     public void characters(char ch[], int start, int length) throws saxexception {

     }
 }

复制代码 代码如下:

import java.lang.reflect.field;
import java.text.dateformat;
import java.text.parseexception;
import java.text.simpledateformat;
import java.util.date;

import org.xml.sax.attributes;

public class configitembase {
    private static dateformat dateformat = new simpledateformat("yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss");

    public configitembase() {

    }

    /**
     * 目前只支持几种常用类型 如果需要支持其他类型，请修改这里的代码
     *
     * @param attributes
     */
    public configitembase(attributes attributes) {
        class<?> cls = this.getclass();
        field[] fields = cls.getdeclaredfields();
        for (field field : fields) {
            string fieldtype = field.gettype().getsimplename();
            for (int i = 0; i < attributes.getlength(); i++) {
                if (attributes.getqname(i).equalsignorecase(field.getname())) {
                    field.setaccessible(true);
                    try {
                        if (fieldtype.equalsignorecase("string")) {
                            field.set(this, attributes.getvalue(attributes.getqname(i)));
                        } else if (fieldtype.equalsignorecase("integer")) {
                            field.set(this, integer.valueof(attributes.getvalue(attributes.getqname(i))));
                        } else if (fieldtype.equalsignorecase("double")) {
                            field.set(this, double.valueof(attributes.getvalue(attributes.getqname(i))));
                        } else if (fieldtype.equalsignorecase("date")) {
                            field.set(this, getdate(attributes.getvalue(attributes.getqname(i))));
                        } else {
                            system.out.println("warning:unhandler field(" + field.getname() + "-" + fieldtype + ")");
                        }
                    } catch (illegalargumentexception e) {
                        e.printstacktrace();
                    } catch (illegalaccessexception e) {
                        e.printstacktrace();
                    }

                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public string tostring() {
        string result = "";
        class<?> cls = this.getclass();
        string classnamestring = cls.getname();
        result += classnamestring.substring(classnamestring.lastindexof('.') + 1, classnamestring.length()) + ":";
        field[] fields = cls.getdeclaredfields();
        for (field field : fields) {
            try {
                result += field.getname() + "=" + field.get(this) + ";";
            } catch (illegalargumentexception e) {
                e.printstacktrace();
            } catch (illegalaccessexception e) {
                e.printstacktrace();
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 处理时间类型属性（时间格式要求为：yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss）
     *
     * @param datestring
     * @return
     */
    private static date getdate(string datestring) {
        date date = null;
        try {
            date = dateformat.parse(datestring);
        } catch (parseexception e) {
            e.printstacktrace();
        }

        return date;
    }
}


下面重点介绍一下最方便的:jaxb(java architecture for xml binding)
这里用比较复杂的移动batchsyncorderrelationreq接口xml做为示例（感觉能解这个大家基本上够用了），报文格式如下（svccont里的cdata内容是报文体，太恶心了）：
复制代码 代码如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes" ?>
<interboss>
    <version>0100</version>
    <testflag>0</testflag>
    <biptype>
        <bipcode>bip2b518</bipcode>
        <activitycode>t2101518</activitycode>
        <actioncode>0</actioncode>
    </biptype>
    <routinginfo>
        <origdomain>boss</origdomain>
        <routetype>routetype</routetype>
        <routing>
            <homedomain>xxxx</homedomain>
            <routevalue>routevalue</routevalue>
        </routing>
    </routinginfo>
    <transinfo>
        <sessionid>2013041017222313925676</sessionid>
        <transido>2013041017222313925676</transido>
        <transidotime>20130410172223</transidotime>
        <transidh></transidh>
        <transidhtime></transidhtime>
    </transinfo>
    <snreserve>
        <transidc></transidc>
        <convid></convid>
        <cutoffday></cutoffday>
        <osntime></osntime>
        <osnduns></osnduns>
        <hsnduns></hsnduns>
        <msgsender></msgsender>
        <msgreceiver></msgreceiver>
        <priority></priority>
        <servicelevel></servicelevel>
        <svcconttype></svcconttype>
    </snreserve>
    <response>
        <rsptype>rsptype</rsptype>
        <rspcode>rspcode</rspcode>
        <rspdesc>rspdesc</rspdesc>
    </response>
    <svccont><![cdata[<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>
<batchsyncorderrelationreq>
    <msgtransactionid>210001bip2b518130410172223651627</msgtransactionid>
    <reqnum>2</reqnum>
    <reqbody>
        <oprnumb>210001bip2b518130410172224341871</oprnumb>
        <subscriptioninfo>
            <oprtime>oprtime1</oprtime>
            <actionid>actionid1</actionid>
            <brand>brand1</brand>
            <efftime>efftime1</efftime>
            <expiretime>expiretime1</expiretime>
            <feeuser_id>feeuserid1</feeuser_id>
            <destuser_id>destuserid1</destuser_id>
            <actionreasonid>actionid1</actionreasonid>
            <servtype>servtype1</servtype>
            <subservtype>subservtype1</subservtype>
            <spid>spid1</spid>
            <spservid>spservid1</spservid>
            <accessmode>accessmode1</accessmode>
            <servparaminfo>
                <para_num>0</para_num>
                <para_info>
                    <para_name></para_name>
                    <para_value></para_value>
                </para_info>
            </servparaminfo>
            <feetype>feetype1</feetype>
        </subscriptioninfo>
    </reqbody>
    <reqbody>
        <oprnumb>210001bip2b518130410172224420909</oprnumb>
        <subscriptioninfo>
            <oprtime>oprtime2</oprtime>
            <actionid>actionid2</actionid>
            <brand>brand2</brand>
            <efftime>efftime2</efftime>
            <expiretime>expiretime2</expiretime>
            <feeuser_id>feeuserid2</feeuser_id>
            <destuser_id>destuserid2</destuser_id>
            <actionreasonid>actionid2</actionreasonid>
            <servtype>servtype2</servtype>
            <subservtype>subservtype2</subservtype>
            <spid>spid2</spid>
            <spservid>spservid2</spservid>
            <accessmode>accessmode2</accessmode>
            <servparaminfo>
                <para_num>0</para_num>
                <para_info>
                    <para_name></para_name>
                    <para_value></para_value>
                </para_info>
            </servparaminfo>
            <feetype>feetype2</feetype>
        </subscriptioninfo>
    </reqbody>
</batchsyncorderrelationreq>]]></svccont>
</interboss>

解码代码如下：
复制代码 代码如下:

@xmlrootelement(name = "batchsyncorderrelationreq")
 @xmlaccessortype(xmlaccesstype.field)
 public class batchsyncorderrelationreq extends bossmessage<batchsyncorderrelationreq> {

     @xmlelement(name = "msgtransactionid")
     private string msgtransactionid = "";

     @xmlelement(name = "reqnum")
     private string reqnum = "";

     @xmlelement(name = "reqbody")
     private list<batchsyncorderrelationreqbody> reqbodylist;

     public batchsyncorderrelationreq() {

     }

     public string getmsgtransactionid() {
         return this.msgtransactionid;
     }

     public void setmsgtransactionid(string msgtransactionid) {
         this.msgtransactionid = msgtransactionid;
     }

     public string getreqnum() {
         return this.reqnum;
     }

     public void setreqnum(string reqnum) {
         this.reqnum = reqnum;
     }

     public list<batchsyncorderrelationreqbody> getreqbodylist() {
         return this.reqbodylist;
     }

     public void setreqbodylist(list<batchsyncorderrelationreqbody> reqbodylist) {
         this.reqbodylist = reqbodylist;
     }

     @override
     public batchsyncorderrelationreq deserialized(string interbossxmlcontent) throws businessexception {
         try {
             // deserialized for head
             jaxbcontext jaxbcxt4head = jaxbcontext.newinstance(messagehead.class);
             unmarshaller unmarshaller4head = jaxbcxt4head.createunmarshaller();
             messagehead head = (messagehead) unmarshaller4head.unmarshal(new stringreader(interbossxmlcontent));

             // deserialized for syncorderrelationreq body
             jaxbcontext jaxbcxt4body = jaxbcontext.newinstance(batchsyncorderrelationreq.class);
             unmarshaller unmarshaller4body = jaxbcxt4body.createunmarshaller();
             batchsyncorderrelationreq batchsyncorderrelationreq = (batchsyncorderrelationreq) unmarshaller4body.unmarshal(new stringreader(head.getsvccont().trim()));
             batchsyncorderrelationreq.sethead(head);

             return batchsyncorderrelationreq;
         } catch (jaxbexception e) {
             throw new businessexception("syncorderrelationreq.deserialized() error!(" + interbossxmlcontent + ")", e);
         }
     }

 }

复制代码 代码如下:

@xmlaccessortype(xmlaccesstype.field)
public class batchsyncorderrelationreqbody {

    @xmlelement(name = "oprnumb")
    private string oprnumb = "";

    @xmlelement(name = "subscriptioninfo")
    private subscriptioninfo subscriptioninfo;

    public batchsyncorderrelationreqbody(){

    }

    public batchsyncorderrelationreqbody(string oprnumb, subscriptioninfo subscriptioninfo) {
        this.oprnumb = oprnumb;
        this.subscriptioninfo = subscriptioninfo;
    }

    public string getoprnumb() {
        return this.oprnumb;
    }

    public void setoprnumb(string oprnumb) {
        this.oprnumb = oprnumb;
    }

    public subscriptioninfo getsubscriptioninfo() {
        return this.subscriptioninfo;
    }

    public void setsubscriptioninfo(subscriptioninfo subscriptioninfo) {
        this.subscriptioninfo = subscriptioninfo;
    }
}


复制代码 代码如下:

@xmlaccessortype(xmlaccesstype.field)
public class subscriptioninfo {

    @xmlelement(name = "oprtime")
    private string oprtime = "";

    @xmlelement(name = "actionid")
    private string actionid = "";

    @xmlelement(name = "brand")
    private string brand = "";

    @xmlelement(name = "efftime")
    private string efftime = "";

    @xmlelement(name = "expiretime")
    private string expiretime = "";

    @xmlelement(name = "feeuser_id")
    private string feeuserid = "";

    @xmlelement(name = "destuser_id")
    private string destuserid = "";

    @xmlelement(name = "actionreasonid")
    private string actionreasonid = "";

    @xmlelement(name = "servtype")
    private string servtype = "";

    @xmlelement(name = "subservtype")
    private string subservtype = "";

    @xmlelement(name = "spid")
    private string spid = "";

    @xmlelement(name = "spservid")
    private string spservid = "";

    @xmlelement(name = "accessmode")
    private string accessmode = "";

    @xmlelement(name = "feetype")
    private string feetype = "";

    public subscriptioninfo() {

    }

    public subscriptioninfo(
            string oprtime,
            string actionid,
            string brand,
            string efftime,
            string expiretime,
            string feeuserid,
            string destuserid,
            string actionreasonid,
            string servtype,
            string subservtype,
            string spid,
            string spservid,
            string accessmode,
            string feetype) {
        this.oprtime = oprtime;
        this.actionid = actionid;
        this.brand = brand;
        this.efftime = efftime;
        this.expiretime = expiretime;
        this.feeuserid = feeuserid;
        this.destuserid = destuserid;
        this.actionreasonid = actionreasonid;
        this.servtype = servtype;
        this.subservtype = subservtype;
        this.spid = spid;
        this.spservid = spservid;
        this.accessmode = accessmode;
        this.feetype = feetype;
    }

    public string getoprtime() {
        return this.oprtime;
    }

    public void setoprtime(string oprtime) {
        this.oprtime = oprtime;
    }

    public string getactionid() {
        return this.actionid;
    }

    public void setactionid(string actionid) {
        this.actionid = actionid;
    }

    public string getbrand() {
        return this.brand;
    }

    public void setbrand(string brand) {
        this.brand = brand;
    }

    public string getefftime() {
        return this.efftime;
    }

    public void setefftime(string efftime) {
        this.efftime = efftime;
    }

    public string getexpiretime() {
        return this.expiretime;
    }

    public void setexpiretime(string expiretime) {
        this.expiretime = expiretime;
    }

    public string getfeeuserid() {
        return this.feeuserid;
    }

    public void setfeeuserid(string feeuserid) {
        this.feeuserid = feeuserid;
    }

    public string getdestuserid() {
        return this.destuserid;
    }

    public void setdestuserid(string destuserid) {
        this.destuserid = destuserid;
    }

    public string getactionreasonid() {
        return this.actionreasonid;
    }

    public void setactionreasonid(string actionreasonid) {
        this.actionreasonid = actionreasonid;
    }

    public string getservtype() {
        return this.servtype;
    }

    public void setservtype(string servtype) {
        this.servtype = servtype;
    }

    public string getsubservtype() {
        return this.subservtype;
    }

    public void setsubservtype(string subservtype) {
        this.subservtype = subservtype;
    }

    public string getspid() {
        return this.spid;
    }

    public void setspid(string spid) {
        this.spid = spid;
    }

    public string getspservid() {
        return this.spservid;
    }

    public void setspservid(string spservid) {
        this.spservid = spservid;
    }

    public string getaccessmode() {
        return this.accessmode;
    }

    public void setaccessmode(string accessmode) {
        this.accessmode = accessmode;
    }

    public string getfeetype() {
        return this.feetype;
    }

    public void setfeetype(string feetype) {
        this.feetype = feetype;
    }
}

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