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iOS中的地理位置的获取及plist设置方法

2019年07月24日  | 移动技术网IT编程  | 我要评论

中丸薰,共享天下考研论坛,开放式基金

1、在前台的时候获取地理位置信息

ios 8/9

在info.plist中配置nslocationwheninuseusagedescription的值，否则上面的方法无效

调用.requestwheninuseauthorization()获取前台获取地理位置权限

调用.startupdatinglocation()

代码示例

class viewcontroller: uiviewcontroller {
 lazy var locatem : cllocationmanager = {
  let locate = cllocationmanager()
  locate.delegate = self
  locate.requestwheninuseauthorization()
  return locate
 }()
 override func touchesbegan(touches: set<uitouch>, withevent event: uievent?) {
  self.locatem.startupdatinglocation()
 }
}
extension viewcontroller : cllocationmanagerdelegate{
 func locationmanager(manager: cllocationmanager, didupdatelocations locations: [cllocation]) {
  print("位置信息已经更新")
 }
}

2、前后台获取，但是后台获取的时候，屏幕上方有蓝框提示用户正在后台获取

ios8

调用.requestwheninuseauthorization()获取前台获取地理位置权限

在info.plist中配置nslocationwheninuseusagedescription的值，否则上面的方法无效

设置capabilities>backgroundmodes>location updates 打对勾

调用.startupdatinglocation()

ios9

调用.requestwheninuseauthorization()获取前台获取地理位置权限

设置 .allowsbackgroundlocationupdates = true (ios 9需要执行)

在info.plist中配置nslocationwheninuseusagedescription的值，否则上面的方法无效

设置capabilities>backgroundmodes>location updates 打对勾 (如果第二步做了，此步没做，直接crash)

调用.startupdatinglocation()

ios8/ios9可以后台蓝框定位的代码示例:

class viewcontroller: uiviewcontroller {
 lazy var locatem : cllocationmanager = {
  let locate = cllocationmanager()
  locate.delegate = self
  locate.requestwheninuseauthorization()
  if #available(ios 9.0, *) {
   locate.allowsbackgroundlocationupdates = true
  }
  return locate
 }()
 override func touchesbegan(touches: set<uitouch>, withevent event: uievent?) {


  self.locatem.startupdatinglocation()
 }
}
extension viewcontroller : cllocationmanagerdelegate{
 func locationmanager(manager: cllocationmanager, didupdatelocations locations: [cllocation]) {
  print("位置信息已经更新")
 }
}

3、后台获取，后台获取的时候，屏幕上方无蓝框提示

调用.requestalwaysauthorization()获取前台获取地理位置权限

在info.plist中配置nslocationalwaysusagedescription的值，否则上面的方法无效

设置 .allowsbackgroundlocationupdates = true (ios 9需要执行)

设置capabilities>backgroundmodes>location updates 打对勾 (本步骤在ios 8中可以不做设置，但是在ios9中如果第三步做了，而此步没有做，直接crash)

调用.startupdatinglocation()

代码示例

class viewcontroller: uiviewcontroller {
 lazy var locatem : cllocationmanager = {
  let locate = cllocationmanager()
  locate.delegate = self
  locate.requestalwaysauthorization()
  if #available(ios 9.0, *) {
   locate.allowsbackgroundlocationupdates = true
  }
  return locate
 }()
 override func touchesbegan(touches: set<uitouch>, withevent event: uievent?) {


  self.locatem.startupdatinglocation()
 }
}
extension viewcontroller : cllocationmanagerdelegate{
 func locationmanager(manager: cllocationmanager, didupdatelocations locations: [cllocation]) {
  print("位置信息已经更新")
 }
}

4、权限改变的通知

注意：在denied或者notdetermined的状态下startupdatinglocation,开始监听之后,当状态改变成允许的状态时，会直接进入监听状态，不必再次调用startupdateinglocation

func locationmanager(manager: cllocationmanager, didchangeauthorizationstatus status: clauthorizationstatus) {
  switch status {
  case .authorizedalways:
   print("始终")
  case .authorizedwheninuse:
   print("使用的时候")
  case .denied:
   print("拒绝")
   if cllocationmanager.locationservicesenabled() {
    print("真拒绝了")
   }else{
    print("是关闭了定位服务")
   }
  case .notdetermined:
   print("第一次，尚未决定")
  case .restricted:
   print("没有权限的")

  }
 }

5、过滤距离

很多时候我们需要监听函数只调用一次来获取用户当前的位置

在监听函数中停止监听

设置监听的过滤距离

//如果监听器已经开启,此值修改之后立即生效
self.locatem.distancefilter = 100 //每100米，调用一次监听

6、精度

注意：越精确越耗电,定位的时间越长，如果要定位城市，没有必要选最精确的

self.locatem.desiredaccuracy = kcllocationaccuracybest
 //kcllocationaccuracybestfornavigation
 //kcllocationaccuracybest
 //kcllocationaccuracynearesttenmeters
 //kcllocationaccuracyhundredmeters
 //kcllocationaccuracykilometer
 //kcllocationaccuracythreekilometers

7.cllocation详解

public var coordinate: cllocationcoordinate2d { get }  //经纬度
public var altitude: cllocationdistance { get }   //海拔
public var horizontalaccuracy: cllocationaccuracy { get } //位置信息是否有效，如果为负数，则无效 
public var verticalaccuracy: cllocationaccuracy { get } //海拔数据是否有效，如果为负数，则无效 
public var course: cllocationdirection { get }   //当前的角度(0-359.9)
public var speed: cllocationspeed { get }     //当前的速度  
public var timestamp: nsdate { get }      //位置确定的时间戳  
public var floor: clfloor? { get }      //楼层(前提是已经注册的建筑),如果没有为nil  

//计算两个经纬度之间的距离  
public func distancefromlocation(location: cllocation) -> cllocationdistance

8、指南针小例子

class viewcontroller: uiviewcontroller {

 @iboutlet weak var mimageview: uiimageview!
 lazy var locatem : cllocationmanager = {
  let locate = cllocationmanager()
  locate.delegate = self
  locate.requestalwaysauthorization()
  if #available(ios 9.0, *) {
   locate.allowsbackgroundlocationupdates = true
  }
  return locate
 }()
 override func viewdidload() {
  super.viewdidload()
  if(cllocationmanager.headingavailable()){
   self.locatem.startupdatingheading()
  }else{
   print("当前磁力计有问题")
  } 
 }
}
extension viewcontroller : cllocationmanagerdelegate{
 func locationmanager(manager: cllocationmanager, didupdateheading newheading: clheading) {
  //1.拿到当前设备对正朝向的角度
  let angle = newheading.magneticheading
  //2.把角度转换成弧度
  let hudu = cgfloat(angle / 180 * m_pi)
  //3.反向旋转照片
  uiview.animatewithduration(0.5) { 
   self.mimageview.transform = cgaffinetransformmakerotation(-hudu)
  }
 }
}

9、区域的监听

class viewcontroller: uiviewcontroller {
 lazy var locatem : cllocationmanager = {
  let locate = cllocationmanager()
  locate.delegate = self
  locate.requestalwaysauthorization()
  if #available(ios 9.0, *) {
   locate.allowsbackgroundlocationupdates = true
  }
  return locate
 }()
 override func viewdidload() {
  super.viewdidload()
  //首先应该判断当前是否可以监听某个区域
  if cllocationmanager.ismonitoringavailableforclass(clcircularregion){
   //1.创建区域
   let center = cllocationcoordinate2dmake(21.123, 121.345)
   var distance : cllocationdistance = 1000
   //限制监听的范围不能超过最大的范围
   if distance < locatem.maximumregionmonitoringdistance{
    distance = locatem.maximumregionmonitoringdistance
   }
   let region = clcircularregion(center: center, radius: distance, identifier: "xiaoxiao")
   //2.监听区域
   self.locatem.startmonitoringforregion(region)
   //3.判断当前状态是否是在区域内还是区域外，
   //在`diddeterminestate`代理方法中获得结果
   self.locatem.requeststateforregion(region)
  }
 }
}
extension viewcontroller : cllocationmanagerdelegate{
 func locationmanager(manager: cllocationmanager, didenterregion region: clregion) {
  print("进入了区域"+region.identifier)
 }
 func locationmanager(manager: cllocationmanager, didexitregion region: clregion) {
  print("出了区域"+region.identifier)
 }
 func locationmanager(manager: cllocationmanager, diddeterminestate state: clregionstate, forregion region: clregion) {
  //获取刚开始是否在区域内或者区域外
  if region.identifier == "xiaoxiao"{
   switch state {
   case .inside:
    print("已经是区域内的")
   case .outside:
    print("没有在区域内")
   case .unknown:
    print("不清楚")
   }
  }
 }
}

10、地理编码与反地理编码

地理编码

let geocoder = clgeocoder()
geocoder.geocodeaddressstring("广州") { (pls:[clplacemark]?, error : nserror?) in
 if error == nil{
  print("地址编码成功")
  print(pls?.last?.location)
 }else{
  print("错误 \(error)")
 }  
}

打印

地址编码成功

optional(<+23.12517800,+113.28063700> +/- 100.00m (speed -1.00 mps / course -1.00) @ 8/14/16, 9:49:22 pm china standard time)

反地理编码

let geocoder = clgeocoder()
geocoder.reversegeocodelocation(cllocation(latitude:23.125,longitude: 113.280)) { (pls:[clplacemark]?, error:nserror?) in
   if error == nil{
    print("地址反编码成功 城市:\(pls?.last?.locality)")
    print(pls?.last?.addressdictionary)
   }else{
    print("错误 \(error)")
   }
  }

打印

地址反编码成功 城市:optional("guangzhou")

optional([sublocality: yuexiu, street: yunhai tongjin no.11, state: guangdong, countrycode: cn, thoroughfare: yunhai tongjin no.11, name: luo sangmeidi, country: china, formattedaddresslines: <__nsarraym 0x7ff1da5652d0>(
yunhai tongjin no.11 yuexiu,
guangzhou,
guangdong china
)
, city: guangzhou])

注意同一个clgeocoder对象，不能同时编码与反编码

比如

let geocoder = clgeocoder()
geocoder.geocodeaddressstring("广州") { (pls:[clplacemark]?, error : nserror?) in
 ...

}
geocoder.reversegeocodelocation(cllocation(latitude:23.125,longitude: 113.280)) { (pls:[clplacemark]?, error:nserror?) in
 ...
 }

这样只会打印第一个编码成功的结果

11、clplacemark对象详解

@nscopying public var location: cllocation? { get }    //经纬度
@nscopying public var region: clregion? { get }     //所关联的地理区域
@available(ios 9.0, *)
@nscopying public var timezone: nstimezone? { get }    //时间域
public var addressdictionary: [nsobject : anyobject]? { get } //详细地址信息

//addressdictionary中的属性
public var name: string? { get }     //名字 
public var thoroughfare: string? { get }   //街道名字
public var subthoroughfare: string? { get }  //子街道名字
public var locality: string? { get }    //城市名称
public var sublocality: string? { get }   //邻城市名称
public var administrativearea: string? { get }  //行政区域 比如:ca
public var subadministrativearea: string? { get } //子行政区域
public var postalcode: string? { get }    //邮政编码
public var isocountrycode: string? { get }   //国家代码表
public var country: string? { get }    //国家
public var inlandwater: string? { get }   //内陆水域
public var ocean: string? { get }     //海洋
public var areasofinterest: [string]? { get }  //兴趣点

以上这篇ios中的地理位置的获取及plist设置方法就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持移动技术网。

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