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IOS 中runtime使用方法整理

2019年07月24日  | 移动技术网移动技术  | 我要评论

ios 中runtime使用方法整理

做ios的朋友都知道或听说runtime,这个东西很像java的反射机制,但功能远胜于java的反射。通过runtime我们可以动态的向一个类中添加属性、成员变量、方法，以及对其进行读写访问。

新建两个类classone和classtwo

#import <foundation/foundation.h>

@interface classone : nsobject{
  nsstring *_publicvar1;
  nsstring *_publicvar2;
}

@property(nonatomic,copy) nsstring *publicproperty1;
@property(nonatomic,copy) nsstring *publicproperty2;

- (void) testclassonewitharg1:(nsstring *)arg1;
@end


#import "classone.h"

@interface classone()
@property(nonatomic,copy) nsstring *privateproperty1;
@property(nonatomic,copy) nsstring *privateproperty2;

@end

@implementation classone{
    nsstring *_privatevar1;
    nsstring *_privatevar2;
}

- (void)testclassonewitharg1:(nsstring *)arg1{
  nslog(@"this is calssone, arg1:%@",arg1);
}

- (void)testclassonewitharg1:(nsstring *)arg1 arg2:arg2{
  nslog(@"this is calssone, arg1:%@ arg2:%@",arg1,arg2);
}
@end


#import <foundation/foundation.h>

@interface classtwo : nsobject
- (void) testclasstwowitharg1:(nsstring *)arg1 arg2:(nsstring *)arg2;
@end


#import "classtwo.h"

@implementation classtwo
- (void)testclasstwowitharg1:(nsstring *)arg1 arg2:(nsstring *)arg2{
  nslog(@"this is classtwo arg1:%@,arg2:%@",arg1,arg2);
}
@end

1.拷贝对象

classone *one = [classone new];
id onec1 = object_copy(one,sizeof(one));

2.给类添加方法

classone *one = [classone new];
class_addmethod([classone class], @selector(testclassonewitharg1:arg2:arg3:), (imp)testclassone , "i@:@@@");
[one testclassonewitharg1:@"arg1" arg2:@"arg2" arg3:@"arg3"];

//方法对应的c函数
int testclassone(id self,sel _cmd, nsstring *arg1,nsstring *arg2,nsstring *arg3){
nslog(@"this is a test function add to classone as a methad with arg1:%@ arg2:%@ and arg3:%@",arg1,arg2,arg3);
  return 10;
}

3.添加属性（方式一）

//属性类型
objc_property_attribute_t type = { "t", "@\"nsstring\"" };
//访问类型
objc_property_attribute_t ownership = { "c", "" };
//对应成员变量名称
objc_property_attribute_t backingivar = { "v", "_testpropertyname" };
objc_property_attribute_t attrs[] = { type, ownership, backingivar };
class_addproperty([classone class], "testpropertyname", attrs, 3);
class_addmethod([classone class], @selector(testpropertyname), (imp)testpropertynamegetter , "@:@@");
class_addmethod([classone class], @selector(settestpropertyname:), (imp)testpropertynamesetter, "v:@@@");


//属性对应的getter方法
nsstring* testpropertynamegetter(id self,sel _cmd){
  ivar ivar = class_getinstancevariable([classone class], "_testpropertyname");
  return object_getivar(self, ivar);
}

//属性对应的setter方法
void testpropertynamesetter(id self,sel _cmd,nsstring *testpropertynamevalue){
  ivar ivar = class_getinstancevariable([classone class], "_testpropertyname");
  object_setivar(self, ivar, testpropertynamevalue);
}

4.添加属性（方式2）

classone *one = [classone new];
objc_setassociatedobject(one, "objtag", @"value", objc_association_copy);
nsstring *value = objc_getassociatedobject(one, "objtag");
nslog(@"通过associate设置:%@",value);

5.获取类的名称

classone *one = [classone new];
const char *classname = object_getclassname(one);
nslog(@"classname:%@",[nsstring stringwithutf8string:classname]);

6.获取一个类的所有方法

uint count;
method *methods = class_copymethodlist([classone class], &count);
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
  method method = methods[i];
  sel sel = method_getname(method);
  nslog(@"方法名:%@",nsstringfromselector(sel));
}

7.获取一个类的所有属性

uint propertycount;
objc_property_t *ps = class_copypropertylist([classone class], &propertycount);
for (uint i = 0; i < propertycount; i++) {
  objc_property_t property = ps[i];
  const char *propertyname = property_getname(property);
  const char *propertyattributes = property_getattributes(property);
  nslog(@"propertyname:%@",[nsstring stringwithutf8string:propertyname]);
  nslog(@"propertyattributes:%@",[nsstring stringwithutf8string:propertyattributes]);
}

8.获取类的所有成员变量

uint ivarcount;
ivar *ivars = class_copyivarlist([classone class], &ivarcount);
for (uint i = 0; i < ivarcount; i++) {
  ivar ivar = ivars[i];
  const char *ivarname = ivar_getname(ivar);
  nslog(@"ivarname:%@",[nsstring stringwithutf8string:ivarname]);
}

9.获得成员变量类型

uint ivarcount;
ivar *ivars = class_copyivarlist([classone class], &ivarcount);
for (uint i = 0; i < ivarcount; i++) {
  ivar ivar = ivars[i];
  const char *ivarname = ivar_getname(ivar);
  const char *type = ivar_gettypeencoding(ivar);
  nslog(@"ivarname=%@,type=%@",[nsstring stringwithutf8string:ivarname],[nsstring stringwithutf8string:type]);
}

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