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1查看linux发行版本
[root@typecodes ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
centos linux release 7.2.1511 (core)
2 下载mysql官方的yum repository
根据linux发行版本（centos、fedora都属于红帽系），从mysql官方（）获取yum repository。
[root@typecodes ~]# wget -i http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm --2016-02-03 18:36:02-- http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm resolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.11 connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:80... connected. http request sent, awaiting response... 302 found location: http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm [following] --2016-02-03 18:36:04-- http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 104.102.164.25 connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|104.102.164.25|:80... connected. http request sent, awaiting response... 200 ok length: 8984 (8.8k) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] saving to: ‘mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm' 100%[=============================================================================================================================>] 8,984 --.-k/s in 0s 2016-02-03 18:36:07 (68.4 mb/s) - ‘mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm' saved [8984/8984] 3 安装mysql的yum repository 安装完mysql的yum repository，每次执行yum update都会检查mysql是否更新。 [root@typecodes ~]# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm loaded plugins: axelget, fastestmirror, langpacks examining mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm: mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch marking mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm to be installed resolving dependencies --> running transaction check ---> package mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-7 will be installed --> finished dependency resolution dependencies resolved ======================================================================================================================================================================= package arch version repository size ======================================================================================================================================================================= installing: mysql57-community-release noarch el7-7 /mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch 7.8 k transaction summary ======================================================================================================================================================================= install 1 package total size: 7.8 k installed size: 7.8 k downloading packages: running transaction check running transaction test transaction test succeeded running transaction installing : mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch 1/1 verifying : mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch 1/1 installed: mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-7 complete!
3 安装mysql数据库的服务器版本
[root@typecodes ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server loaded plugins: axelget, fastestmirror, langpacks no metadata available for base no metadata available for epel no metadata available for extras repomd.xml | 2.5 kb 00:00:00 update mysql-connectors-community metadata successfully repomd.xml | 2.5 kb 00:00:00 update mysql-tools-community metadata successfully repomd.xml | 2.5 kb 00:00:00 update mysql57-community metadata successfully no metadata available for updates mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kb 00:00:00 mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kb 00:00:00 mysql57-community | 2.5 kb 00:00:00 (1/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 24 kb 00:00:01 (2/3): mysql57-community/x86_64/primary_db | 28 kb 00:00:01 (3/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 8.6 kb 00:00:02 loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * epel: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.163.com * updates: mirrors.163.com resolving dependencies --> running transaction check ---> package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be installed --> processing dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.10-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 --> processing dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) = 5.7.10-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 --> running transaction check ---> package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be installed --> processing dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) = 5.7.10-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 ---> package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be installed --> running transaction check ---> package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos will be obsoleted --> processing dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 --> processing dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 ---> package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be obsoleting --> running transaction check ---> package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 will be obsoleting --> finished dependency resolution dependencies resolved ======================================================================================================================================================================= package arch version repository size ======================================================================================================================================================================= installing: mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.2 m replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos mysql-community-libs-compat x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.0 m replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos mysql-community-server x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 142 m installing for dependencies: mysql-community-client x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 24 m mysql-community-common x86_64 5.7.10-1.el7 mysql57-community 269 k transaction summary ======================================================================================================================================================================= install 3 packages (+2 dependent packages) total download size: 171 m downloading packages: mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 142 mb 00:03:42 mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 mb 00:00:03 mysql-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.2 mb 00:00:05 mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 24 mb 00:00:41 warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql57-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: header v3 dsa/sha1 signature, key id 5072e1f5: nokey00 eta public key for mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 269 kb 00:00:01 retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-mysql importing gpg key 0x5072e1f5: userid : "mysql release engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>" fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5 package : mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch (@/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch) from : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-mysql running transaction check running transaction test transaction test succeeded running transaction installing : mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 1/6 installing : mysql-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 2/6 installing : mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 3/6 installing : mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 4/6 installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 5/6 erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 6/6 verifying : mysql-community-server-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 1/6 verifying : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 2/6 verifying : mysql-community-common-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 3/6 verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 4/6 verifying : mysql-community-client-5.7.10-1.el7.x86_64 5/6 verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 6/6 installed: mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 dependency installed: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.10-1.el7 replaced: mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos complete! [root@typecodes ~]# clear
最后的截图：
4 启动数据库：
[root@typecodes ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service
然后使用命令systemctl status mysqld.service查看mysql数据库启动后的服务状态：
5 获取初始密码
使用yum安装并启动mysql服务后，mysql进程会自动在进程日志中打印root用户的初始密码：
#######从mysql进程日志中获取root用户的初始密码：ra%yk7urcbih [root@typecodes ~]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log 2016-02-03t10:42:17.272166z 1 [note] a temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ra%yk7urcbih 2016-02-03t10:42:36.776875z 2 [note] access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: no) 2016-02-03t10:42:52.063138z 3 [note] access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: no) 2016-02-03t10:42:57.564373z 4 [note] access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: no) 2016-02-03t10:43:01.477007z 5 [note] access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: no) 2016-02-03t10:46:03.642008z 6 [note] access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: no) 2016-02-03t10:46:11.217889z 7 [note] access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: no) 2016-02-03t10:47:44.755199z 0 [note] shutting down plugin 'validate_password' 2016-02-03t10:47:46.505844z 0 [note] shutting down plugin 'sha256_password' 2016-02-03t10:47:46.505851z 0 [note] shutting down plugin 'mysql_native_password'
6 修改root用户密码
使用小节5中获取的root用户的初始密码，然后进行修改：
set global validate_password_policy =0;//默认是1，即medium，所以刚开始设置的密码必须符合长度，且必须含有数字，小写或大写字母，特殊字符。
set global validate_password_length=4;//指定了密码中数据的长度 alter user root@localhost identified by 'crow';//修改密码
增加远程访问权限
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'crow' with grant option; flush privileges;
退出mysql，然后重启服务
systemctl restart mysqld
防火墙打开3306端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
重启防火墙
firewall-cmd --reload [root@typecodes ~]# mysql -uroot -p enter password: #######输入默认的root密码后回车 welcome to the mysql monitor. commands end with ; or \g. your mysql connection id is 2 server version: 5.7.10 copyright (c) 2000, 2015, oracle and/or its affiliates. all rights reserved. oracle is a registered trademark of oracle corporation and/or its affiliates. other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. type 'help;' or '\h' for help. type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'new password'; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> exit bye
7 安装完毕
至此，使用在centos7中使用yum方法安装mysql5.7.10数据库完毕。如下所示，可以使用新的root密码登陆mysql了。
[root@typecodes ~]# mysql -uroot -ppassword mysql: [warning] using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. welcome to the mysql monitor. commands end with ; or \g. your mysql connection id is 3 server version: 5.7.10 mysql community server (gpl) copyright (c) 2000, 2015, oracle and/or its affiliates. all rights reserved. oracle is a registered trademark of oracle corporation and/or its affiliates. other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. type 'help;' or '\h' for help. type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> use mysql; reading table information for completion of table and column names you can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -a database changed mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> clear mysql> exit bye [root@typecodes ~]# clear
附录1：查看mysql数据库的配置信息
mysql的配置文件依然是/etc/my.cnf，其它安装信息可以通过mysql_config命令查看。其中，动态库文件存放在/usr/lib64/mysql目录下。
附录2：对于c/c++等开发者
由于需要用到类似mysql.h等头文件，需要执行下面的命令安装mysql开发版本即可。
[root@typecodes ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-devel
附录3：删除mysql的repository
因为小节3中安装了mysql的yum repository，所以以后每次执行yum操作时，都会去检查更新。如果想要去掉这种自动检查操作的话，可以使用如下命令卸载mysql的repository即可。
[root@typecodes ~]# yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch update 2017.04.10 11:10
使用上面的yum方法也可以安装目前mysql官网上最新的版本mysql5.7.18。只要替换小节2中rmp包的版本即可，后续操作步骤不变。
wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的centos7.3 安装mysql5.7.18的详细教程，希望对大家有所帮助
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