tomcat有tomcat7，tomcat8和tomcat9等版本，目前企业使用较多的是tomcat8，所以这里以tomcat8为列
进入tomcat8下载网址：tomcat8下载网址
点击左侧download下的对应版本，这里我下载的是apache-tomcat-8.5.47.tar.gz，即linux环境的压缩包
将下载好的apache-tomcat-8.5.47.tar.gz放到指定目录，我这里放到/usr/local/tomcat，如下图所示
进入/usr/local/tomcat目录，解压tomcat压缩包
# 进入/usr/local/tomcat目录 cd /usr/local/tomcat # 解压tomcat压缩包 tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-8.5.47.tar.gz
进入tomcat的bin目录，启动tomcat
# 进入tomcat的bin目录，启动tomcat cd apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/ # 启动tomcat ./startup.sh
查看tomcat是否启动成功
# 查看tomcat是否启动成功执行 ps -ef | grep tomcat # 如果输出如下，说明tomcat安装成功 root 2381 1 11 22:18 pts/0 00:00:02 /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_152/bin/java -djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/conf/logging.properties -djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.classloaderlogmanager -djdk.tls.ephemeraldhkeysize=2048 -djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -dorg.apache.catalina.security.securitylistener.umask=0027 -dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47 -dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47 -djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.bootstrap start root 2513 29060 0 22:18 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto tomcat
使用浏览器访问tomcat，地址linux的ip:8080，我这里的ip端口是，如下图说明在linux（centos7）环境安装启动tomcat成功，为自己点一个赞
注意：开放8080端口或者关闭防火墙
附加：开放8080端口或者关闭防火墙，如果是阿里云只能在阿里云控制台配置开放端口
# 开启8080端口 firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent # 查询端口号8080是否开启 firewall-cmd --query-port=8080/tcp # 重启防火墙 firewall-cmd --reload # 查看开放端口列表 firewall-cmd --list-port # 命令含义 --zone #作用域 --add-port=8080/tcp #添加端口，格式为：端口/通讯协议 --permanent #永久生效，没有此参数重启后失效 # 关闭防火墙 systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动
按照上面的方式启动tomcat，如果我们的虚拟机或者服务器关闭了，重启服务器后tomcat是关闭的，但是我们希望虚拟机或者服务器重启后，tomcat可以自己启动，所以我们需要设置tomcat为开机启动项
创建setenv.sh文件，为tomcat添加启动参数
catalina.sh在执行的时候会调用同级路径下的setenv.sh来设置额外的环境变量，因此在/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin路径下创建setenv.sh文件，内容如下：
# 设置tomcat的pid文件 catalina_pid="$catalina_base/tomcat.pid" # 添加jvm选项 java_opts="-server -xx:permsize=256m -xx:maxpermsize=1024m -xms512m -xmx1024m -xx:maxnewsize=256m"
在/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/catalina.sh文件开头添加java_home和jre_home，其中/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_152为jdk的安装目录
export java_home=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_152 export jre_home=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_152/jre
如果在catalina.sh不配置java_home和jre_home就会报如下的错误
[root@jourwon ~]# systemctl status tomcat ● tomcat.service - tomcat loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) active: failed (result: exit-code) since mon 2019-10-21 19:54:54 cst; 6s ago process: 8746 execstart=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/startup.sh (code=exited, status=1/failure) oct 21 19:54:54 jourwon systemd[1]: starting tomcat... oct 21 19:54:54 jourwon startup.sh[8746]: neither the java_home nor the jre_...d oct 21 19:54:54 jourwon startup.sh[8746]: at least one of these environment ...m oct 21 19:54:54 jourwon systemd[1]: tomcat.service: control process exited,...=1 oct 21 19:54:54 jourwon systemd[1]: failed to start tomcat. oct 21 19:54:54 jourwon systemd[1]: unit tomcat.service entered failed state. oct 21 19:54:54 jourwon systemd[1]: tomcat.service failed. hint: some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
在/usr/lib/systemd/system路径下添加tomcat.service文件，内容如下：
[unit] description=tomcat after=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target [service] type=forking timeoutsec=0 pidfile=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/tomcat.pid execstart=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/startup.sh execreload=/bin/kill -s hup $mainpid execstop=/bin/kill -s quit $mainpid privatetmp=true [install] wantedby=multi-user.target
此外service文件修改后需要调用systemctl daemon-reload命令重新加载。
配置timeoutsec=0的目的是让开机启动不处理tomcat启动超时，保证tomcat耗时过长时不会被系统terminating，如果不配置可能出现下面的情况
oct 21 20:26:37 jourwon startup.sh[1634]: existing pid file found during start. oct 21 20:26:37 jourwon startup.sh[1634]: removing/clearing stale pid file. oct 21 20:26:37 jourwon startup.sh[1634]: tomcat started. oct 21 20:26:37 jourwon systemd[1]: pid file /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/tomcat.pid not readable (yet?) after start. oct 21 20:26:38 jourwon polkitd[464]: unregistered authentication agent for unix-process:1628:19013 (system bus name :1.23, object path /org/freedesktop/policykit1/authenticationagent, loca oct 21 20:28:07 jourwon systemd[1]: tomcat.service start operation timed out. terminating. oct 21 20:28:07 jourwon systemd[1]: failed to start tomcat.
把tomcat加入开机自启动
systemctl enable tomcat.service
reboot
再次连接后，查看服务状态
[root@jourwon ~]# systemctl status tomcat ● tomcat.service - tomcat loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) active: activating (start) since mon 2019-10-21 20:12:19 cst; 8s ago process: 9244 execstart=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/bin/startup.sh (code=exited, status=0/success) cgroup: /system.slice/tomcat.service └─9255 /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_152/jre/bin/java -djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/conf/logging.properties -djava.util.logging.manager=org.apac... oct 21 20:12:19 jourwon systemd[1]: starting tomcat... oct 21 20:12:19 jourwon startup.sh[9244]: existing pid file found during start. oct 21 20:12:19 jourwon startup.sh[9244]: removing/clearing stale pid file. oct 21 20:12:19 jourwon startup.sh[9244]: tomcat started. oct 21 20:12:19 jourwon systemd[1]: pid file /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.47/tomcat.pid not readable (yet?) after start.
查看开机启动列表命令
systemctl list-unit-files | grep enabled
查看tomcat是否设置为开机启动项，如果显示为enabled，说明设置成功
参数说明
[root@jourwon ~]# systemctl list-unit-files | grep tomcat tomcat.service enabled
总结
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的linux(centos7)安装tomcat与设置tomcat为开机启动项(tomcat8为例),希望对大家有所帮助
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