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Python qt5 第一个gui编写-10个对象随机排列

2020年07月07日 | 移动技术网IT编程 | 我要评论

Python qt5 第一个gui编写-10个对象随机排列

笔者运行工作环境：
Ubuntu18.04
Python3.6.9
pyqt5

在文本框中输入10个对象，可以对十个对象进行随机排列。
在这里插入图片描述

全部代码

此为全部代码，下边对代码进行解析。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file '/home/li/桌面/python/qt/suijipailie.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.12
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
import sys
import random

import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(588, 467)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("URW Gothic L")
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        MainWindow.setFont(font)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.duixiang1 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang1.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 70, 101, 70))
        self.duixiang1.setObjectName("duixiang1")
        self.duixiang2 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(130, 70, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang2.setObjectName("duixiang2")
        self.duixiang3 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(250, 70, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang3.setObjectName("duixiang3")
        self.duixiang4 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(360, 70, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang4.setObjectName("duixiang4")
        self.duixiang5 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang5.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(470, 70, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang5.setObjectName("duixiang5")
        self.duixiang6 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang6.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 170, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang6.setObjectName("duixiang6")
        self.duixiang7 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang7.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(130, 170, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang7.setObjectName("duixiang7")
        self.duixiang8 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang8.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(250, 170, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang8.setObjectName("duixiang8")
        self.duixiang9 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang9.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(360, 170, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang9.setObjectName("duixiang9")
        self.duixiang10 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang10.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(470, 170, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang10.setObjectName("duixiang10")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 50, 67, 17))
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(180, 50, 67, 17))
        self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
        self.label_3 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(290, 50, 67, 17))
        self.label_3.setObjectName("label_3")
        self.label_4 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(400, 50, 67, 17))
        self.label_4.setObjectName("label_4")
        self.label_5 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_5.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(510, 50, 67, 17))
        self.label_5.setObjectName("label_5")
        self.label_6 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_6.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 150, 67, 17))
        self.label_6.setObjectName("label_6")
        self.label_7 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_7.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(170, 150, 67, 17))
        self.label_7.setObjectName("label_7")
        self.label_8 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_8.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(290, 150, 67, 17))
        self.label_8.setObjectName("label_8")
        self.label_9 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_9.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(400, 150, 67, 17))
        self.label_9.setObjectName("label_9")
        self.label_10 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_10.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(510, 150, 67, 17))
        self.label_10.setObjectName("label_10")
        self.label_11 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_11.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(180, 9, 301, 31))
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("URW Gothic L")
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        self.label_11.setFont(font)
        self.label_11.setMouseTracking(False)
        self.label_11.setTabletTracking(False)
        self.label_11.setAcceptDrops(False)
        self.label_11.setObjectName("label_11")
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 320, 89, 25))
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        self.textEdit = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.textEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(120, 300, 441, 70))
        self.textEdit.setObjectName("textEdit")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 588, 28))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(MainWindow.hello)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)


    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "1"))
        self.label_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "2"))
        self.label_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "3"))
        self.label_4.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "4"))
        self.label_5.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "5"))
        self.label_6.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "6"))
        self.label_7.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "7"))
        self.label_8.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "8"))
        self.label_9.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "9"))
        self.label_10.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "10"))
        self.label_11.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "请分别输入10个对象进行随机排序"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "paixu"))


class mywindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow,Ui_MainWindow):

    def __init__(self):
        super(mywindow,self).__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)



    #定义槽函数
    def hello(self):
        list = []
        duixiang1 = self.duixiang1.toPlainText()
        duixiang2 = self.duixiang2.toPlainText()
        duixiang3 = self.duixiang3.toPlainText()
        duixiang4 = self.duixiang4.toPlainText()
        duixiang5 = self.duixiang5.toPlainText()
        duixiang6 = self.duixiang6.toPlainText()
        duixiang7 = self.duixiang7.toPlainText()
        duixiang8 = self.duixiang8.toPlainText()
        duixiang9 = self.duixiang9.toPlainText()
        duixiang10 = self.duixiang10.toPlainText()
        list.append(duixiang1)
        list.append(duixiang2)
        list.append(duixiang3)
        list.append(duixiang4)
        list.append(duixiang5)
        list.append(duixiang6)
        list.append(duixiang7)
        list.append(duixiang8)
        list.append(duixiang9)
        list.append(duixiang10)


        random.shuffle(list)
        str1 = "排列顺序:" + '.    '.join(list)
        self.textEdit.setText(str1)

app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
#MainWindow = QMainWindow()
window = mywindow()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())

代码解析

1.将ui文件抓变的代码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file '/home/li/桌面/python/qt/suijipailie.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.12
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(588, 467)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("URW Gothic L")
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        MainWindow.setFont(font)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.duixiang1 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang1.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 70, 101, 70))
        self.duixiang1.setObjectName("duixiang1")
        self.duixiang2 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(130, 70, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang2.setObjectName("duixiang2")
        self.duixiang3 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(250, 70, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang3.setObjectName("duixiang3")
        self.duixiang4 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(360, 70, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang4.setObjectName("duixiang4")
        self.duixiang5 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang5.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(470, 70, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang5.setObjectName("duixiang5")
        self.duixiang6 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang6.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 170, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang6.setObjectName("duixiang6")
        self.duixiang7 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang7.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(130, 170, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang7.setObjectName("duixiang7")
        self.duixiang8 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang8.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(250, 170, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang8.setObjectName("duixiang8")
        self.duixiang9 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang9.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(360, 170, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang9.setObjectName("duixiang9")
        self.duixiang10 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.duixiang10.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(470, 170, 104, 70))
        self.duixiang10.setObjectName("duixiang10")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 50, 67, 17))
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(180, 50, 67, 17))
        self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
        self.label_3 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(290, 50, 67, 17))
        self.label_3.setObjectName("label_3")
        self.label_4 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(400, 50, 67, 17))
        self.label_4.setObjectName("label_4")
        self.label_5 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_5.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(510, 50, 67, 17))
        self.label_5.setObjectName("label_5")
        self.label_6 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_6.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 150, 67, 17))
        self.label_6.setObjectName("label_6")
        self.label_7 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_7.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(170, 150, 67, 17))
        self.label_7.setObjectName("label_7")
        self.label_8 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_8.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(290, 150, 67, 17))
        self.label_8.setObjectName("label_8")
        self.label_9 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_9.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(400, 150, 67, 17))
        self.label_9.setObjectName("label_9")
        self.label_10 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_10.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(510, 150, 67, 17))
        self.label_10.setObjectName("label_10")
        self.label_11 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label_11.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(180, 9, 301, 31))
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("URW Gothic L")
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        self.label_11.setFont(font)
        self.label_11.setMouseTracking(False)
        self.label_11.setTabletTracking(False)
        self.label_11.setAcceptDrops(False)
        self.label_11.setObjectName("label_11")
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 320, 89, 25))
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        self.textEdit = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.textEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(120, 300, 441, 70))
        self.textEdit.setObjectName("textEdit")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 588, 28))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)


    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "1"))
        self.label_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "2"))
        self.label_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "3"))
        self.label_4.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "4"))
        self.label_5.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "5"))
        self.label_6.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "6"))
        self.label_7.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "7"))
        self.label_8.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "8"))
        self.label_9.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "9"))
        self.label_10.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "10"))
        self.label_11.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "请分别输入10个对象进行随机排序"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "paixu"))

2.在代码前端导入类

import sys
import random

在代码后边，有个函数shuffle用到了random

2.前端加入代码

import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

代码如果加入可能会出现报错：
UnicodeDecodeError: ‘ascii’ codec can’t decode byte 0xe6 in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)

4.在生成的代码类的第一个函数的倒数第二行加入：

 self.pushButton.clicked.connect(MainWindow.hello)

加入此代码，形成了一个按钮事件。当鼠标按一下按钮时，就会响应一个事件。

5.在代码后端加入代码

注意：此部分可以重新创建一个文件，然后导入上个文件的类，可以达到同样的效果：

class mywindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow,Ui_MainWindow):

    def __init__(self):
        super(mywindow,self).__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)



    #定义槽函数
    def hello(self):
        list = []
        duixiang1 = self.duixiang1.toPlainText()
        duixiang2 = self.duixiang2.toPlainText()
        duixiang3 = self.duixiang3.toPlainText()
        duixiang4 = self.duixiang4.toPlainText()
        duixiang5 = self.duixiang5.toPlainText()
        duixiang6 = self.duixiang6.toPlainText()
        duixiang7 = self.duixiang7.toPlainText()
        duixiang8 = self.duixiang8.toPlainText()
        duixiang9 = self.duixiang9.toPlainText()
        duixiang10 = self.duixiang10.toPlainText()
        list.append(duixiang1)
        list.append(duixiang2)
        list.append(duixiang3)
        list.append(duixiang4)
        list.append(duixiang5)
        list.append(duixiang6)
        list.append(duixiang7)
        list.append(duixiang8)
        list.append(duixiang9)
        list.append(duixiang10)


        random.shuffle(list)
        str1 = "排列顺序:" + '.    '.join(list)
        self.textEdit.setText(str1)

app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
#MainWindow = QMainWindow()
window = mywindow()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())

这部分的代码，前半部分和后半部分都是固定格式，后半部分是将创建的类实例化。主要关注的代码为中间部分。
首先创建了一个空的列表，list = [],然后读取文本框读取的对象，然后在利用append函数，将读取的对象添加到空的列表中。之后利用random函数，将列表中的对象进行随机排列。
因为self.textEdit.setText函数是将字符串输入显示到文本框，所以利用join（）将随机排列的列表转换为字符串。
此为代码的全部过程和解析。

参考链接：

PyQt5之多行文本框(QtextEdit)控件中的常用方法和信号
注意次代码中常用的方法，在读取文本框的字符串时，一直出问题，找了半天资料也没有解决，后来看到次链接解决了问题。

PyQt5笔记（04） – 文本框的使用
此代码可以参考一下，对我写代码有一定的启发，直接运行需要在代码前端加一句：# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
若报错：super().init()
TypeError: super() takes at least 1 argument (0 given)，可能为运行Python版本不对，在终端中用Python3加文件名运行。
运行结果：在文本框中输入字符串，可以再给显示出来。
在这里插入图片描述
使用PyQt来编写第一个Python GUI程序
此链接用qt4写的，但是在写开始部分的时候具有较大的参考价值。

【QTdesigner】课时36.使用QTextEdit控件输入多行文本【pyqt5+QTdesigner模式】

PyQt5，弹窗，自定义输入对话框

pyqt5实现注册界面并获得文本框内容

pyqt5读取文本框内容，输出到日志框（QTextBrowser）

本文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45839124/article/details/107167607

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