python爬取豆瓣电影榜单

python爬取豆瓣电影榜单并保存到本地excel中，以后就不愁没片看了。

目标

确定我们想要抓取的电影的相关内容。

抓取豆瓣top250电影的排名、电影名、评价（总结很到位）、评分、点评人数及电影的豆瓣页面。
抓取各种电影类型的排行榜前100。

编码

省略需求到编码中间的繁文缛节，直接上手编码。（此处是最终编码）
目标一使用BeautifulSoup解析页面查找元素。
目标二调用接口处理返回的json数据。

import requests
import openpyxl
import json
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from openpyxl.styles import Color, Font, Alignment


class DouBanMovieList1():

    def __init__(self):
        self.path = r'D:\Download\豆瓣电影榜单\豆瓣电影.xlsx'

    def get_moviedata(self):
        data = []
        headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.105 Safari/537.36'}
        for i in range(10):
            url = 'https://movie.douban.com/top250?start={}&filter='.format(i*25)
            response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)
            bs = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'lxml')
            ranks = bs.select('em')
            titles = bs.find_all('div', class_='hd')
            evaluations = []
            for j in range(1, 26):
                if bs.select_one('#content > div > div.article > ol > li:nth-child(%d) > div > div.info > div.bd > p.quote > span'%(j)):
                    evaluations.append(bs.select_one('#content > div > div.article > ol > li:nth-child(%d) > div > div.info > div.bd > p.quote > span'%(j)).get_text())
                else:
                    evaluations.append('')
            ratings = bs.find_all('span', class_='rating_num')
            evaluation_numbers = bs.find_all('div', class_='star')
            links = bs.select('ol li div a')
            for rank, title, evaluation, rating, evaluation_number, link in zip(ranks, titles, evaluations, ratings, evaluation_numbers, links):
                data.append([rank.get_text(), title.get_text().split('\n')[2], evaluation, rating.get_text().strip(), evaluation_number.get_text().split('\n')[4].strip('人评价'), link.get('href')])
        return data

    def create_excel(self):
        wb = openpyxl.Workbook()
        ws = wb.active
        ws.title = '综合'
        font_kai = Font(name='楷体', bold=True)
        align_center = Alignment(horizontal='center', vertical='center')
        ws.cell(1, 1).value = '豆瓣综合电影榜单250'
        ws.cell(1, 1).font = font_kai
        ws.cell(1, 1).alignment = align_center
        labels = ['排行', '电影', '评价', '评分', '评分人数', '豆瓣链接', '看过']
        for i in range(1, len(labels)+1):
            ws.cell(2, i).value = labels[i-1]
            ws.cell(2, i).font = font_kai
            ws.cell(2, i).alignment = align_center
        ws.merge_cells('A1:G1')
        wb.save(self.path)

    def write_excel(self, data):
        wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(self.path)
        ws = wb['综合']
        font_song = Font(name='宋体')
        align_center = Alignment(horizontal='center', vertical='center')
        row = 3
        for i in data:
            for column in range(len(i)):
                ws.cell(row, column+1).value = i[column]
                ws.cell(row, column+1).font = font_song
                ws.cell(row, column+1).alignment = align_center
            row += 1
        ws.column_dimensions['A'].width = 6.0
        ws.column_dimensions['B'].width = 20.0
        ws.column_dimensions['C'].width = 75.0
        ws.column_dimensions['D'].width = 6.0
        ws.column_dimensions['E'].width = 10.0
        ws.column_dimensions['F'].width = 45.0
        ws.column_dimensions['G'].width = 7.0
        wb.save(self.path)

class DouBanMovieList2():

    def __init__(self):
        self.path = r'D:\Download\豆瓣电影榜单\豆瓣电影.xlsx'
        self.type_dict = {11: '剧情', 24: '喜剧', 5: '动作', 13: '爱情', 17: '科幻', 25: '动画', 10: '悬疑', 19: '惊悚', 20: '恐怖',
                          1: '记录片', 23: '短片', 6: '情色', 26: '同性', 14: '音乐', 7: '歌舞', 28: '家庭', 8: '儿童', 2: '传记',
                          4: '历史', 22: '战争', 3: '犯罪', 27: '西部', 16: '奇幻', 15: '冒险', 12: '灾难', 29: '武侠', 30: '古装',
                          18: '运动', 31: '黑色电影'}

    def create_excel(self, type, sheetnumber):
        wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(self.path)
        ws = wb.create_sheet(type, sheetnumber)
        font_kai = Font(name='楷体', bold=True)
        align_center = Alignment(horizontal='center', vertical='center')
        ws.cell(1, 1).value = '豆瓣{}电影榜单100'.format(type)
        ws.cell(1, 1).font = font_kai
        ws.cell(1, 1).alignment = align_center
        labels = ['排行', '电影', '评分', '评分人数', '国家', '日期', '演员', '豆瓣链接', '看过']
        for i in range(1, len(labels)+1):
            ws.cell(2, i).value = labels[i-1]
            ws.cell(2, i).font = font_kai
            ws.cell(2, i).alignment = align_center
        ws.merge_cells('A1:I1')
        wb.save(self.path)

    def get_moviedata(self, type_num):
        data = []
        headers = {
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.105 Safari/537.36'}
        number = 0
        for i in range(10, 1, -1):
            url = 'https://movie.douban.com/j/chart/top_list?type={}&interval_id={}%3A{}&action=&start=0&limit=100'.format(type_num, 10*i, 10*(i-1))
            response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)
            for movie in json.loads(response.text):
                if [movie['rank'], movie['title'], movie['score'], movie['vote_count'], '&'.join(movie['regions']), movie['release_date'], '/'.join(movie['actors']), movie['url']] not in data:
                   data.append([movie['rank'], movie['title'], movie['score'], movie['vote_count'], '&'.join(movie['regions']), movie['release_date'], '/'.join(movie['actors']), movie['url']])
            if len(data) == 100:
                break
            elif len(data) > 100:
                data = data[0:100]
                break
            else:
                pass

        return data

    def write_excel(self, type, data):
        wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(self.path)
        ws = wb[type]
        font_song = Font(name='宋体')
        align_center = Alignment(horizontal='center', vertical='center')
        align_left = Alignment(horizontal='left', vertical='center')
        row = 3
        for i in data:
            for column in range(len(i)):
                ws.cell(row, column + 1).value = i[column]
                ws.cell(row, column + 1).font = font_song
                if column == 4 or column == 6:
                    ws.cell(row, column + 1).alignment = align_left
                else:
                    ws.cell(row, column + 1).alignment = align_center
            row += 1
        ws.column_dimensions['A'].width = 6.0
        ws.column_dimensions['B'].width = 20.0
        ws.column_dimensions['C'].width = 6.0
        ws.column_dimensions['D'].width = 10.0
        ws.column_dimensions['E'].width = 15.0
        ws.column_dimensions['F'].width = 12.0
        ws.column_dimensions['G'].width = 35.0
        ws.column_dimensions['H'].width = 45.0
        ws.column_dimensions['I'].width = 7.0
        wb.save(self.path)


if __name__ == '__main__':

    movie1 = DouBanMovieList1()
    movie1.create_excel()
    data = movie1.get_moviedata()
    movie1.write_excel(data)

    movie2 = DouBanMovieList2()
    sheetnumber = 1
    for type_num in movie2.type_dict.keys():
        type = movie2.type_dict[type_num]
        movie2.create_excel(type, sheetnumber)
        data = movie2.get_moviedata(type_num)
        movie2.write_excel(type, data)
        sheetnumber += 1

填坑

需求没分析清楚就直接编码，这种情况不用想直接填坑就行了（坑不是宝儿姐挖的）。
1、说好的top250，为什么不足250？
在这里插入图片描述
比如这种数据没有评价，是一条不完整的数据；因为代码中使用了zip函数，而zip函数返回列表长度与最短的对象相同，所以每有一条不完整的数据，结果就会少一条数据。
2、说好的榜单100，为什么不足100？
刚开始使用的是https://movie.douban.com/j/chart/top_list?type=26&interval_id=100%3A90&action=&start=0&limit=100这个接口，如果在100-90区间段里的电影不少于100就不会出错，但少于100的话，结果就会不足100。