缘之空汉化版下载,深圳市宝安人民医院,翁帆简介
1、基本操作
我要评论models.tb1.objects.create(c1='xx', c2='oo') 增加一条数据，可以接受字典类型数据 **kwargs
insert into tb1 (c1,c2) values ('xx','00')
obj = models.tb1(c1='xx', c2='oo')
obj.save()
insert into tb1 (c1,c2) values ('xx','00')
# get_or_create() 如果纯在则获取，否者创建
obj, created = models.userinfo.objects.get_or_create(name='summer1',
defaults={'age':123,'pwd':'ab456'})
# 先根据条件去查，如果存在name='summer1'，则后面的default无效不执行。
print(obj,created) # created 为true或false
# update_or_create() 如果存在，则更新，否则，创建
obj, created = models.userinfo.objects.update_or_create(name='summer1',
defaults={'age':123,'pwd':'ab456'})
print(obj,created)
models.tb1.objects.get(id=123) # 获取单条数据，不存在则报错（不建议） select * from tb1 where id=123 limit 1 models.tb1.objects.all() # 获取全部 select * from tb1 models.tb1.objects.filter(name='seven') # 获取指定条件的数据 select * from tb1 where name='seven' # exists() # 检查查询结果是否存在，返回true或false result = models.userinfo.objects.filter(id=1111).exists() print(result)
models.tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').delete() # 删除指定条件的数据 delete from tb1 where name='seven'
models.tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').update(gender='0') # 将指定条件的数据更新，均支持 **kwargs update tb1 set gender='0' where name='seven' obj = models.tb1.objects.get(id=1) obj.c1 = '111' obj.save() # 修改单条数据 update tb1 set c1 = '111' where id=1
2、进阶操作（了不起的双下划线）
利用双下划线将字段和对应的操作连接起来
获取个数
models.tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').count() select count(*) from tb1 where name='seven'
大于，小于
models.tb1.objects.filter(id__gt=1) # 获取id大于1的值 select * from tb1 where id>1 models.tb1.objects.filter(id__gte=1) # 获取id大于等于1的值 select * from tb1 where id>=1 models.tb1.objects.filter(id__lt=10) # 获取id小于10的值 select * from tb1 where id<10 models.tb1.objects.filter(id__lte=10) # 获取id小于等于10的值 select * from tb1 where id<=10 models.tb1.objects.filter(id__lt=10, id__gt=1) # 获取id大于1 且 小于10的值 select * from tb1 where id<10 and id>1
in
models.tb1.objects.filter(id__in=[11, 22, 33]) # 获取id等于11、22、33的数据 select * from tb1 where id in (11, 22, 33) models.tb1.objects.exclude(id__in=[11, 22, 33]) # not in select * from tb1 where id not in (11, 22, 33)
isnull
entry.objects.filter(pub_date__isnull=true) select * from tb1 where pub_date is null
contains
models.tb1.objects.filter(name__contains="ven") select * from tb1 where name like binary '%ven%' models.tb1.objects.filter(name__icontains="ven") # icontains大小写不敏感 select * from tb1 where name like '%ven%' models.tb1.objects.exclude(name__icontains="ven") select * from tb1 where name not like '%ven%'
range
models.tb1.objects.filter(id__range=[1, 2]) # 范围bettwen and select * from tb1 where id bettwen 1 and 2
其他类似
startswith，istartswith, endswith, iendswith, startswith select * from tb1 where name like 'ven%' endswith select * from tb1 where name like '%ven'
order by
models.tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').order_by('id') # asc
select * from tb1 where name='seven' order by id asc
models.tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').order_by('-id') # desc
select * from tb1 where name='seven' order by id desc
group by
from django.db.models import count, min, max, sum
models.tb1.objects.filter(c1=1).values('id').annotate(c=count('num'))
select "app01_tb1"."id", count("app01_tb1"."num") as "c" from "app01_tb1" where "app01_tb1"."c1" = 1 group by "app01_tb1"."id"
limit 、offset
models.tb1.objects.all()[10:20] select * from tb1 limit 10,20
regex正则匹配，iregex 不区分大小写
entry.objects.get(title__regex=r'^(an?|the) +') select * from entry where title regexp binary "^(an?|the) +" entry.objects.get(title__iregex=r'^(an?|the) +') select * from entry where title regexp "^(an?|the) +"
date
entry.objects.filter(pub_date__date=datetime.date(2005, 1, 1)) entry.objects.filter(pub_date__date__gt=datetime.date(2005, 1, 1))
year
entry.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2005) entry.objects.filter(pub_date__year__gte=2005)
month
entry.objects.filter(pub_date__month=12) entry.objects.filter(pub_date__month__gte=6)
day
entry.objects.filter(pub_date__day=3) entry.objects.filter(pub_date__day__gte=3)
week_day
entry.objects.filter(pub_date__week_day=2) entry.objects.filter(pub_date__week_day__gte=2)
hour
event.objects.filter(timestamp__hour=23) event.objects.filter(time__hour=5) event.objects.filter(timestamp__hour__gte=12)
minute
event.objects.filter(timestamp__minute=29) event.objects.filter(time__minute=46) event.objects.filter(timestamp__minute__gte=29)
second
event.objects.filter(timestamp__second=31) event.objects.filter(time__second=2) event.objects.filter(timestamp__second__gte=31)
3、其他操作
extra
extra(self, select=none, where=none, params=none, tables=none, order_by=none, select_params=none)
entry.objects.extra(select={'new_id': "select col from sometable where othercol > %s"}, select_params=(1,))
entry.objects.extra(where=['headline=%s'], params=['lennon'])
entry.objects.extra(where=["foo='a' or bar = 'a'", "baz = 'a'"])
entry.objects.extra(select={'new_id': "select id from tb where id > %s"}, select_params=(1,), order_by=['-nid'])
f
from django.db.models import f
models.tb1.objects.update(num=f('num')+1)
update tb1 set num=num+1
q
from django.db.models import q
方式一：
q(nid__gt=10)
q(nid=8) | q(nid__gt=10)
select * from table where nid=8 or nid>10
q(q(nid=8) | q(nid__gt=10)) & q(caption='root')
select * from tb1 where (nid=8 or nid>10) and caption='root'
方式二：
con = q()
q1 = q()
q1.connector = 'or'
q1.children.append(('id', 1))
q1.children.append(('id', 10))
q1.children.append(('id', 9))
q2 = q()
q2.connector = 'or'
q2.children.append(('c1', 1))
q2.children.append(('c1', 10))
q2.children.append(('c1', 9))
con.add(q1, 'and')
con.add(q2, 'and')
models.tb1.objects.filter(con)
select * from tb1 where ( id=1 or id=10 or id=9 ) and ( c1=1 or c1=10 or c1=9 )
执行原生sql
from django.db import connection, connections
cursor = connection.cursor() # cursor = connections['default'].cursor()
cursor.execute("""select * from auth_user where id = %s""", [1])
row = cursor.fetchone()
4、连表操作（了不起的双下划线）
利用双下划线和 _set 将表之间的操作连接起来
class userprofile(models.model):
user_info = models.onetoonefield('userinfo')
username = models.charfield(max_length=64)
password = models.charfield(max_length=64)
def __str__(self):
return self.username
class userinfo(models.model):
user_type_choice = (
(0, '普通用户'),
(1, '高级用户'),
)
user_type = models.integerfield(choices=user_type_choice)
name = models.charfield(max_length=32)
email = models.charfield(max_length=32)
address = models.charfield(max_length=128)
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class usergroup(models.model):
caption = models.charfield(max_length=64)
user_info = models.manytomanyfield('userinfo')
def __str__(self):
return self.caption
class host(models.model):
hostname = models.charfield(max_length=64)
ip = models.genericipaddressfield()
user_group = models.foreignkey('usergroup')
def __str__(self):
return self.hostname
一对一操作
user_info_obj = models.userinfo.objects.filter(id=1).first()
print (user_info_obj.user_type)
select user_type drom userinfo where id=1 limit 1
print (user_info_obj.get_user_type_display())
print (user_info_obj.userprofile.password)
select userprofile.password from userprofile,userinfo where userinfo.id=1 and userinfo.id=userprofile.user_info
user_info_obj = models.userinfo.objects.filter(id=1).values('email', 'userprofile__username').first()
select email, userprofile.username from userinfo,userprofile where userinfo.id=1 and userinfo.id=userprofile.user_info
print (user_info_obj.keys())
print (user_info_obj.values())
一对多
类似一对一 1、搜索条件使用 __ 连接 2、获取值时使用 . 连接
多对多操作
user_info_obj = models.userinfo.objects.get(name=u'武沛齐') user_info_objs = models.userinfo.objects.all() group_obj = models.usergroup.objects.get(caption='ceo') group_objs = models.usergroup.objects.all() # 添加数据 group_obj.user_info.add(user_info_obj) group_obj.user_info.add(*user_info_objs) # 删除数据 group_obj.user_info.remove(user_info_obj) group_obj.user_info.remove(*user_info_objs) # 添加数据 user_info_obj.usergroup_set.add(group_obj) user_info_obj.usergroup_set.add(*group_objs) # 删除数据 user_info_obj.usergroup_set.remove(group_obj) user_info_obj.usergroup_set.remove(*group_objs) # 获取数据 print group_obj.user_info.all() print group_obj.user_info.all().filter(id=1) # 获取数据 print user_info_obj.usergroup_set.all() print user_info_obj.usergroup_set.all().filter(caption='ceo') print user_info_obj.usergroup_set.all().filter(caption='dba')
如对本文有疑问，请在下面进行留言讨论，广大热心网友会与你互动！！ 点击进行留言回复
Python爬虫:Request Payload和Form Data的简单区别说明
浅谈Python中threading join和setDaemon用法及区别说明
Python3-异步进程回调函数(callback())介绍
python继承threading.Thread实现有返回值的子类实例
Python中使用threading.Event协调线程的运行详解
网友评论