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首先使用内置模块os.
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>>> import os
>>> code = os.system("pwd && sleep 2")
# /user/zhipeng
>>> print code
# 0
问题是 os.system 只能获取到结束状态
使用内置模块 subprocess
>>> import subprocess
>>> subprocess.popen("pwd && sleep 2", shell=true, cwd="/home")
# <subprocess.popen object at 0x106498310>
# /home
>>> sub = subprocess.popen("pwd && sleep 2", shell=true, stdout=subprcess.pipe)
>>> sub.wait()
>>> print sub.stdout.read()
# /user/zhipeng
subprocess.popen还支持一些别的参数 bufsize,executable=none, stdin=none, stdout=none, stderr=none preexec_fn=none, close_fds=false, shell=false, cwd=none, env=none universal_newlines=false, startupinfo=none, creationflags=0
使用第三方模块 sh
# pip install sh
>>> from sh import ifconfig
>>> print ifconfig("eth0")
>>> from sh import bash
>>> bash("pwd")
traceback (most recent call last):
file "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 1021, in __call__
return runningcommand(cmd, call_args, stdin, stdout, stderr)
file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 486, in __init__
self.wait()
file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 500, in wait
self.handle_command_exit_code(exit_code)
file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 516, in handle_command_exit_code
raise exc(self.ran, self.process.stdout, self.process.stderr)
sh.errorreturncode_126:
ran: '/bin/bash ls'
stdout:
stderr:
/bin/ls: /bin/ls: cannot execute binary file
# 不能这么用
>>> from sh import ls
>>> ls()
# hello.txt 1.txt
# ls -al
>>> ls(a=true, l=true)
# ls(al=true) 是不可以的
这操作太复杂了, 项目中使用也太糟心了, 也没有办法多个命令同时用.不过可以用别的方式代替
# bash -c command 可以很好的解决这个问题 # bash -c "sleep 1 && pwd" >>> result = bash(c="pwd", _timeout=1, _cwd="/home") >>> print result # -rw-r--r--@ 1 zhipeng staff 0 10 13 18:30 hello.txt # -rw-r--r--@ 1 zhipeng staff 0 10 13 18:30 1.txt >>> result = bash(c="pwd", _timeout=1, _cwd="/") >>> print result # / >>> bash(c="pwd && sleep 2", _timeout=1) traceback (most recent call last): file "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 1021, in __call__ return runningcommand(cmd, call_args, stdin, stdout, stderr) file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 486, in __init__ self.wait() file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 498, in wait raise timeoutexception(-exit_code) sh.timeoutexception
参数里面可以添加非命令参数. 需要以_开头, 例如上面的_timeout, _cwd. 详见sh.py 源码 还支持以下参数 internal_bufsize, err_bufsize, tee, done, in, decode_errors, tty_in, out, cwd, timeout_signal, bg, timeout, with, ok_code, err, env, no_out,
参考：
https://github.com/amoffat/sh/blob/master/sh.py
https://github.com/amoffat/sh
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