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格式化包括：百分号方式和format方式
1.百分号
- %s （%.4s 表示截取了4个字符）
传单个值：
例如：
我要评论print('i am %s sex boy is ljj'%123)
运行结果：
i am 123 sex boy is ljj process finished with exit code 0
传多个值：
print('i am %s sex boy is %s'%('13','ss'))
运行结果：
i am 13 sex boy is ss process finished with exit code 0
- %d （只能传数字）
a= 'i am %s, she is %d'%('xm',123)
print(a)
运行结果：
i am xm, she is 123 process finished with exit code 0
-打印浮点数
a= 'abc %.2f'%99.45678 # .2表示保留小数点后2位（四舍五入） print(a)
运行结果：
abc 99.46 process finished with exit code 0
-打印百分比
a= 'abc %.2f %%'%99.45678 print(a)
运行结果：
abc 99.46 % process finished with exit code 0
-键值
a= "i am %(name)s ,and age is %(age)d" % {"name":"ljj","age":18}
print(a)
运行结果：
i am ljj ,and age is 18 process finished with exit code 0
-其他方法
a= "i am %(name)-60s aabbcc" % {"name":"ljj"} #左对齐60格（+右对齐）
print(a)
运行结果：
i am ljj aabbcc process finished with exit code 0
2.format方式
-传值
a= "i am {},age {},{}" .format("xm",18,123)
print(a)
运行结果：
i am xm,age 18,123 process finished with exit code 0
-根据索引取值
a= "i am {1},age {0}" .format("xm",18,123)
print(a)
运行结果：
i am 18,age xm process finished with exit code 0
-
a= "i am {name},age {age} " .format(name="xm",age=18)
print(a)
运行结果：
i am xm,age 18 process finished with exit code 0
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