环境
| 名称 | 属性 |
|---|---|
| cpu | x5650 |
| 内存 | 4g |
| 磁盘 | 20g+4tb |
这时候，我们假设服务器已经有如下东西：
软件安装与信息查看
首先查看软件是否安装：
[root@candy ~]# rpm -qa | grep lvm lvm2-libs-2.02.118-2.el6.x86_64 lvm2-2.02.118-2.el6.x86_64 [root@candy ~]# lv lvchange lvextend lvmdiskscan lvmsar lvresize lvconvert lvm lvmdump lvreduce lvs lvcreate lvmchange lvmetad lvremove lvscan lvdisplay lvmconf lvmsadc lvrename [root@candy ~]# rpm -qa | grep parted parted-2.1-29.el6.x86_64
软件准备好后顺便查看下 vm 硬件:
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[root@candy ~]# df -h
filesystem size used avail use% mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_candy-root
7.3g 231m 6.7g 4% /
tmpfs 1.9g 0 1.9g 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477m 30m 422m 7% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_candy-home
3.9g 8.0m 3.7g 1% /home
/dev/mapper/vg_candy-usr
3.9g 382m 3.3g 11% /usr
/dev/mapper/vg_candy-var
3.9g 63m 3.6g 2% /var
[root@candy ~]# fdisk -l
disk /dev/sda: 21.5 gb, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
i/o size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
disk identifier: 0x0006e71c
device boot start end blocks id system
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 linux
partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 64 2611 20458496 8e linux lvm
disk /dev/sdb: 4398.0 gb, 4398046511104 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 534698 cylinders
units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
i/o size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
disk identifier: 0x00000000
disk /dev/mapper/vg_candy-root: 8061 mb, 8061452288 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 980 cylinders
units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
i/o size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
disk identifier: 0x00000000
disk /dev/mapper/vg_candy-usr: 4294 mb, 4294967296 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 522 cylinders
units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
i/o size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
disk identifier: 0x00000000
disk /dev/mapper/vg_candy-var: 4294 mb, 4294967296 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 522 cylinders
units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
i/o size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
disk identifier: 0x00000000
disk /dev/mapper/vg_candy-home: 4294 mb, 4294967296 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 522 cylinders
units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
i/o size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
disk identifier: 0x00000000
[root@candy ~]# ls /dev/sd*
/dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb
这时候我们看到，centos 已经知道有个sdb的盘了，但是没挂载与分区。
使用parted进行扩容前的分区
现在假设除了/boot 其余分区都满了! 我们需要先进行分区，将4t的硬盘用上(/dev/sdb).
[root@candy ~]# parted /dev/sdb gnu parted 2.1 使用 /dev/sdb welcome to gnu parted! type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted) mklabel 新的磁盘标签类型？ gpt (parted) mkpart 分区名称？ []? 文件系统类型？ [ext2]? ext4 起始点？ 0t 结束点？ 4t (parted) p model: vmware, vmware virtual s (scsi) disk /dev/sdb: 4398gb sector size (logical/physical): 512b/512b partition table: gpt number start end size file system name 标志 1 1049kb 4398gb 4398gb (parted)set 1 lvm on (parted)p model: vmware, vmware virtual s (scsi) disk /dev/sdb: 4398gb sector size (logical/physical): 512b/512b partition table: gpt number start end size file system name 标志 1 1049kb 4398gb 4398gb lvm (parted)q [root@candy ~]# ls /dev/sd* /dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb /dev/sdb1
现在让我们来解释一下操作：
下一步，我们查看我们的lvm组名叫什么:
[root@candy ~]# vgs vg #pv #lv #sn attr vsize vfree vg_candy 1 4 0 wz--n- 19.51g 0 [root@candy ~]# vgdisplay --- volume group --- vg name vg_candy system id format lvm2 metadata areas 1 metadata sequence no 5 vg access read/write vg status resizable max lv 0 cur lv 4 open lv 4 max pv 0 cur pv 1 act pv 1 vg size 19.51 gib pe size 4.00 mib total pe 4994 alloc pe / size 4994 / 19.51 gib free pe / size 0 / 0 vg uuid gcm5ml-fc88-xk5q-xupc-kj7y-alfk-i770gc [root@candy ~]# lvscan active '/dev/vg_candy/usr' [4.00 gib] inherit active '/dev/vg_candy/var' [4.00 gib] inherit active '/dev/vg_candy/home' [4.00 gib] inherit active '/dev/vg_candy/root' [7.51 gib] inherit [root@candy ~]#
知道lvm卷组叫 'vg_candy'了, 我们就使用vgextend来向lvm 'vg_candy' 卷组添加成员了.
[root@candy ~]# vgextend vag_candy /dev/sdb1 physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created volume group "vg_candy" successfully extended
现在我们再用vgs命令看一下pv个数:
[root@candy ~]# vgs vg #pv #lv #sn attr vsize vfree vg_candy 2 4 0 wz--n- 4.02t 4.00t
大家对比未添加时的vgs是否有看到pv个数从1变为2了！
现在让我们用vgdisplay看看现在分区的容量.
[root@candy ~]# vgdisplay --- volume group --- vg name vg_candy system id format lvm2 metadata areas 2 metadata sequence no 6 vg access read/write vg status resizable max lv 0 cur lv 4 open lv 4 max pv 0 cur pv 2 act pv 2 vg size 4.02 tib pe size 4.00 mib total pe 1053569 alloc pe / size 4994 / 19.51 gib free pe / size 1048575 / 4.00 tib vg uuid gcm5ml-fc88-xk5q-xupc-kj7y-alfk-i770gc
再次对比未添加的vgdiplay命令发现，freepe 的value 从 0 / 0 变为 1048575 / 4.00 tib . 这样说明candy已经成功将4tb的lvm 分区添加进入到vg_candy 逻辑卷组里了。
现在我们对所有逻辑分区进行扩容前，df -h 看看有哪些分区。
[root@candy ~]# df -h filesystem size used avail use% mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_candy-root 7.3g 231m 6.7g 4% / tmpfs 1.9g 0 1.9g 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 477m 30m 422m 7% /boot /dev/mapper/vg_candy-home 3.9g 8.0m 3.7g 1% /home /dev/mapper/vg_candy-usr 3.9g 382m 3.3g 11% /usr /dev/mapper/vg_candy-var 3.9g 63m 3.6g 2% /var
现在麻烦的事已经做完了，接下来就剩下为分区进行扩容了.
为磁盘进行扩容
假设：我们需要向 这些分区都添加500g容量: / 、 /home 、 /usr 、 /var
[root@candy ~]# lvextend -l +500g /dev/mapper/vg_candy-root size of logical volume vg_candy/root changed from 7.51 gib (1922 extents) to 507.51 gib (129922 extents). logical volume root successfully resized [root@candy ~]# lvextend -l +500g /dev/mapper/vg_candy-home size of logical volume vg_candy/home changed from 4.00 gib (1024 extents) to 504.00 gib (129024 extents). logical volume home successfully resized [root@candy ~]# lvextend -l +500g /dev/mapper/vg_candy-usr size of logical volume vg_candy/usr changed from 4.00 gib (1024 extents) to 504.00 gib (129024 extents). logical volume usr successfully resized [root@candy ~]# lvextend -l +500g /dev/mapper/vg_candy-var size of logical volume vg_candy/var changed from 4.00 gib (1024 extents) to 504.00 gib (129024 extents). logical volume var successfully resized
大家注意，这一步操作时不可逆的！ 如果输入了错误的分区名字还好！ 如果添加到其它分区了，就得重复n遍来缩容，比较麻烦哦！ 建议大家注仔细核对上面的filesystem. 切记切记....
提示扩容成功！ 让我们再次用上述命令查看lvm信息:
[root@candy ~]# vgs vg #pv #lv #sn attr vsize vfree vg_candy 2 4 0 wz--n- 4.02t 2.05t [root@candy ~]# lvscan active '/dev/vg_candy/usr' [504.00 gib] inherit active '/dev/vg_candy/var' [504.00 gib] inherit active '/dev/vg_candy/home' [504.00 gib] inherit active '/dev/vg_candy/root' [507.51 gib] inherit [root@candy ~]# vgdisplay --- volume group --- vg name vg_candy system id format lvm2 metadata areas 2 metadata sequence no 10 vg access read/write vg status resizable max lv 0 cur lv 4 open lv 4 max pv 0 cur pv 2 act pv 2 vg size 4.02 tib pe size 4.00 mib total pe 1053569 alloc pe / size 516994 / 1.97 tib free pe / size 536575 / 2.05 tib vg uuid gcm5ml-fc88-xk5q-xupc-kj7y-alfk-i770gc [root@candy ~]# df -h filesystem size used avail use% mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_candy-root 7.3g 231m 6.7g 4% / tmpfs 1.9g 0 1.9g 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 477m 30m 422m 7% /boot /dev/mapper/vg_candy-home 3.9g 8.0m 3.7g 1% /home /dev/mapper/vg_candy-usr 3.9g 382m 3.3g 11% /usr /dev/mapper/vg_candy-var 3.9g 63m 3.6g 2% /var
看到这里大家可能奇怪！ 为什么df -h 还没变呢?
刷新磁盘信息与写入
我们需要用resize2fs 重设分区大小, 这样才能使df -h 也能生效.
而resize2fs 需要的时间与你给予的容量线性叠加. 也就是说你给的容量越多，resize2fs 的需要的时间就越多。
[root@candy ~]# resize2fs /dev//mapper/vg_candy-root resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-may-2010) filesystem at /dev//mapper/vg_candy-root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 32 performing an on-line resize of /dev//mapper/vg_candy-root to 133040128 (4k) blocks. the filesystem on /dev//mapper/vg_candy-root is now 133040128 blocks long. [root@candy ~]# resize2fs /dev//mapper/vg_candy-usr resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-may-2010) filesystem at /dev//mapper/vg_candy-usr is mounted on /usr; on-line resizing required old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 32 performing an on-line resize of /dev//mapper/vg_candy-usr to 132120576 (4k) blocks. the filesystem on /dev//mapper/vg_candy-usr is now 132120576 blocks long. [root@candy ~]# resize2fs /dev//mapper/vg_candy-var resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-may-2010) filesystem at /dev//mapper/vg_candy-var is mounted on /var; on-line resizing required old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 32 performing an on-line resize of /dev//mapper/vg_candy-var to 132120576 (4k) blocks. the filesystem on /dev//mapper/vg_candy-var is now 132120576 blocks long. [root@candy ~]# resize2fs /dev//mapper/vg_candy-home resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-may-2010) filesystem at /dev//mapper/vg_candy-home is mounted on /home; on-line resizing required old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 32 performing an on-line resize of /dev//mapper/vg_candy-home to 132120576 (4k) blocks. the filesystem on /dev//mapper/vg_candy-home is now 132120576 blocks long. [root@candy ~]# df -h filesystem size used avail use% mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_candy-root 500g 245m 474g 1% / tmpfs 1.9g 0 1.9g 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 477m 30m 422m 7% /boot /dev/mapper/vg_candy-home 496g 16m 471g 1% /home /dev/mapper/vg_candy-usr 496g 390m 471g 1% /usr /dev/mapper/vg_candy-var 496g 71m 471g 1% /var
结束语
顺便给大家晒一张重启后系统自动挂载的图！
linux系统还是比较聪明的. 其实重启与不重启都能使用, 只是为大家演示重启后的效果.
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持移动技术网。
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