本文所述为基于c#实现的多人聊天程序服务端与客户端完整代码。本实例省略了结构定义部分，服务端主要是逻辑处理部分代码，因此使用时需要完善一些窗体按钮之类的。
先看服务端代码如下：
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using system;
using system.drawing;
using system.collections;
using system.componentmodel;
using system.windows.forms;
using system.data;
using system.net;
using system.net.sockets;
using system.threading;
namespace 多人聊天程序server端
{
/// <summary>
/// 应用程序的主入口点。
/// </summary>
[stathread]
static void main()
{
application.run(new form1());
}
// 启动服务按钮
private void button2_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)
{
try
{
// 必须填写端口
if(txtport.text == "")
{
messagebox.show("请先填写服务端口号!", "提示");
return;
}
int32 port = int32.parse(txtport.text); // 获得端口号
// 创建侦听的socket
mainsocket = new socket(addressfamily.internetwork, sockettype.stream, protocoltype.tcp);
ipendpoint localep = new ipendpoint(ipaddress.any, port);
// 将 socket 绑定到本地的终结点上
mainsocket.bind(localep);
// 开始侦听，最大的连接数是 5
mainsocket.listen(5);
// 开始一个异步操作接受客户的连接请求
mainsocket.beginaccept(new asynccallback(onclientconnect), null);
// 启动服务按钮不可用，停止服务按钮可用
updatecontrols(true);
}
catch(socketexception se)
{
messagebox.show(se.message, "提示");
}
}
// 更新“启动服务按钮”和“停止服务”按钮的状态：是否可用；
// 注意：两个按钮的状态是互斥的
private void updatecontrols(bool onserve)
{
button2.enabled = !onserve;
button3.enabled = onserve;
if(onserve)
{
status.text = "已启动服务";
}
else
{
status.text = "未启动服务";
}
}
// 回调函数，当客户连接上时，将会被调用
public void onclientconnect(iasyncresult asyn)
{
try
{
// 调用endaccept完成beginaccept异步调用，返回一个新的socket处理与客户的通信
socket workersocket = mainsocket.endaccept(asyn);
// 增加客户数目
interlocked.increment(ref clientnum);
// 将 workersocket socket加入到 arraylist 中
workersocketlist.add(workersocket);
// 发送欢迎信息给连接上服务器的客户
string msg = "欢迎客户 " + clientnum + " 登录服务器\n";
sendwelcometoclient(msg, clientnum);
// 在线客户数目改变，必须更新客户列表
updateclientlistcontrol();
// 连接上的客户接收数据
waitfordata(workersocket, clientnum);
// 主 socket 返回，继续等待其它的连接请求
mainsocket.beginaccept(new asynccallback(onclientconnect), null);
}
catch(objectdisposedexception)
{
system.diagnostics.debugger.log(0,"1","\n onclientconnection: socket已经关闭!\n");
}
catch(socketexception se)
{
messagebox.show(se.message, "提示");
}
}
// 发送欢迎信息给客户
void sendwelcometoclient(string msg, int clientnumber)
{
// 用utf8格式来将string信息转化成byte数组形式
byte[] bydata = system.text.encoding.utf8.getbytes(msg);
// 获得客户clientnumber对应的socket
socket workersocket = (socket)workersocketlist[clientnumber - 1];
// 将数据发给客户
workersocket.send(bydata);
}
// 该类保存当前的socket，它的客户号还有发送给服务器的数据
public class socketpacket
{
public system.net.sockets.socket currentsocket; // 当前的socket
public int clientnumber; // 客户号
public byte[] databuffer = new byte[1024]; // 发给服务器的数据
// 构造函数
public socketpacket(system.net.sockets.socket socket, int clientnumber)
{
currentsocket = socket;
this.clientnumber = clientnumber;
}
}
// 开始等待客户发送数据
public void waitfordata(system.net.sockets.socket socket, int clientnumber)
{
try
{
if(pfnworkercallback == null)
{
// 当连接上的客户有写的操作的时候，调用回调函数
pfnworkercallback = new asynccallback(ondatareceived);
}
socketpacket socketpacket = new socketpacket(socket, clientnumber);
socket.beginreceive(socketpacket.databuffer, 0, socketpacket.databuffer.length,
socketflags.none, pfnworkercallback, socketpacket);
}
catch(socketexception se)
{
messagebox.show (se.message, "提示");
}
}
// 当客户写数据时，调用以下方法
public void ondatareceived(iasyncresult asyn)
{
socketpacket socketdata = (socketpacket)asyn.asyncstate ;
try
{
// endreceive完成beginreceive异步调用，返回客户写入流的字节数
int irx = socketdata.currentsocket.endreceive(asyn);
// 加 1 是因为字符串以 '\0' 作为结束标志符
char[] chars = new char[irx + 1];
// 对客户发来的信息进行utf8解码，存入chars字符数组中
system.text.decoder decoder = system.text.encoding.utf8.getdecoder();
int charlen = decoder.getchars(socketdata.databuffer, 0, irx, chars, 0);
system.string szdata = new system.string(chars);
string msg = "客户 " + socketdata.clientnumber + " 发的信息:" + szdata;
// 将客户发的数据加入到信息列表中
appendtoricheditcontrol(msg);
// 等待数据
waitfordata(socketdata.currentsocket, socketdata.clientnumber);
}
catch (objectdisposedexception )
{
system.diagnostics.debugger.log(0,"1","\nondatareceived: socket已经关闭!\n");
}
catch(socketexception se)
{
if(se.errorcode == 10054)
{
// 将客户断开连接的信息写入信息列表中
string msg = "客户 " + socketdata.clientnumber + " 已断开了连接!" + "\n";
appendtoricheditcontrol(msg);
// 移走已关闭的socket
workersocketlist[socketdata.clientnumber - 1] = null;
// 更新客户列表
updateclientlistcontrol();
}
else
{
messagebox.show (se.message, "提示");
}
}
}
// 更新信息列表，该方法可由主线程或其他工作线程所调用
private void appendtoricheditcontrol(string msg)
{
// 测试看是哪个线程调用了该方法
if (invokerequired)
{
// we cannot update the gui on this thread.
// all gui controls are to be updated by the main (gui) thread.
// hence we will use the invoke method on the control which will
// be called when the main thread is free
// do ui update on ui thread
object[] plist = {msg};
txtrecvmsg.begininvoke(new updatericheditcallback(onupdaterichedit), plist);
}
else
{
// 创建该控件的主线程直接更新信息列表
onupdaterichedit(msg);
}
}
// 添加信息到 txtrecvmsg 中
private void onupdaterichedit(string msg)
{
// txtrecvmsg.appendtext(msg);
txtrecvmsg.text = txtrecvmsg.text + msg;
}
// 更新客户列表
private void updateclientlistcontrol()
{
if (invokerequired) // is this called from a thread other than the one created
// the control
{
clientlist.begininvoke(new updateclientlistcallback(updateclientlist), null);
}
else
{
// 创建该控件的主线程直接更新信息列表
updateclientlist();
}
}
// 更新客户列表
void updateclientlist()
{
clientlist.items.clear(); // 清空客户列表
for(int i = 0; i < workersocketlist.count; i++)
{
// 加1，是因为数组从下标0开始，而我们的客户标号是从1开始
string clientkey = convert.tostring(i + 1);
socket workersocket = (socket)workersocketlist[i];
if(workersocket != null)
{
// 将连接着服务器的客户添加到客户列表中
if(workersocket.connected)
{
clientlist.items.add(clientkey);
}
}
}
}
// 停止服务按钮
private void button3_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)
{
closesockets();
updatecontrols(false);
// 更新客户列表
updateclientlistcontrol();
}
// 发送信息按钮
private void button1_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)
{
// 如果在线客户列表不为空，则允许发送信息
if (clientlist.items.count != 0 )
{
try
{
string msg = txtsendmsg.text;
msg = "服务器信息: " + msg + "\n";
byte[] bydata = system.text.encoding.utf8.getbytes(msg);
socket workersocket = null;
for(int i = 0; i < workersocketlist.count; i++)
{
workersocket = (socket)workersocketlist[i];
if(workersocket!= null)
{
// 发给所有连接上服务器的客户
if(workersocket.connected)
{
workersocket.send(bydata);
}
}
}
}
catch(socketexception se)
{
messagebox.show(se.message, "提示");
}
}
else
{
messagebox.show("没有在线客户,不能发送信息!", "提示");
}
}
// 清空信息按钮
private void button4_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)
{
txtrecvmsg.clear(); // 清空从客户发来的信息
}
// 关闭窗体按钮
private void button5_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)
{
closesockets();
close();
}
// 关闭socket
void closesockets()
{
// 关闭主socket
if(mainsocket != null)
{
mainsocket.close();
}
socket workersocket = null;
// 关闭客户 socket 数组
for(int i = 0; i < workersocketlist.count; i++)
{
workersocket = (socket)workersocketlist[i];
if(workersocket != null)
{
workersocket.close();
workersocket = null;
}
}
}
private void form1_load(object sender, system.eventargs e)
{
try
{
// 获得本机的ip地址
txtip.text = dns.resolve(dns.gethostname()).addresslist[0].tostring();
// 启动时，启动服务按钮可用，停止服务按钮不可用
updatecontrols(false);
}
catch(exception exc)
{
messagebox.show(exc.message, "提示");
}
}
}
}
客户端主要实现接收来自服务端返回的消息、实现发送消息的操作界面，创建socket实例，得到服务器的ip地址，更新控件，连接和断开等，具体代码如下：
using system;
using system.drawing;
using system.collections;
using system.componentmodel;
using system.windows.forms;
using system.data;
using system.net;
using system.net.sockets;
namespace 多人聊天程序client端
{
public class form1 : system.windows.forms.form
{
private system.windows.forms.label label1;
private system.windows.forms.textbox txtip;
private system.windows.forms.label label2;
private system.windows.forms.label label3;
private system.windows.forms.richtextbox txtsendmsg;
private system.windows.forms.label label4;
private system.windows.forms.button button1;
private system.windows.forms.button button2;
private system.windows.forms.button button3;
private system.windows.forms.button button4;
private system.windows.forms.richtextbox txtrecvmsg;
private system.windows.forms.textbox txtport;
private system.windows.forms.button button5;
private system.componentmodel.container components = null;
byte[] m_databuffer = new byte[10];
iasyncresult result;
public asynccallback pfncallback ;
private system.windows.forms.label status;
private system.windows.forms.label label5;
public socket clientsocket;
public form1()
{
initializecomponent();
}
private void initializecomponent()
{
this.label1 = new system.windows.forms.label();
this.txtip = new system.windows.forms.textbox();
this.label2 = new system.windows.forms.label();
this.txtport = new system.windows.forms.textbox();
this.label3 = new system.windows.forms.label();
this.txtsendmsg = new system.windows.forms.richtextbox();
this.label4 = new system.windows.forms.label();
this.status = new system.windows.forms.label();
this.txtrecvmsg = new system.windows.forms.richtextbox();
this.button1 = new system.windows.forms.button();
this.button2 = new system.windows.forms.button();
this.button3 = new system.windows.forms.button();
this.button4 = new system.windows.forms.button();
this.label5 = new system.windows.forms.label();
this.button5 = new system.windows.forms.button();
this.suspendlayout();
// label1
this.label1.autosize = true;
this.label1.location = new system.drawing.point(16, 24);
this.label1.name = "label1";
this.label1.size = new system.drawing.size(60, 17);
this.label1.tabindex = 0;
this.label1.text = "服务器ip:";
// txtip
this.txtip.location = new system.drawing.point(80, 24);
this.txtip.name = "txtip";
this.txtip.size = new system.drawing.size(160, 21);
this.txtip.tabindex = 1;
this.txtip.text = "";
// label2
this.label2.autosize = true;
this.label2.location = new system.drawing.point(16, 56);
this.label2.name = "label2";
this.label2.size = new system.drawing.size(35, 17);
this.label2.tabindex = 2;
this.label2.text = "端口:";
// txtport
this.txtport.location = new system.drawing.point(80, 56);
this.txtport.name = "txtport";
this.txtport.size = new system.drawing.size(40, 21);
this.txtport.tabindex = 3;
this.txtport.text = "";
// label3
this.label3.autosize = true;
this.label3.location = new system.drawing.point(16, 96);
this.label3.name = "label3";
this.label3.size = new system.drawing.size(110, 17);
this.label3.tabindex = 4;
this.label3.text = "发送信息给服务器:";
// txtsendmsg
this.txtsendmsg.location = new system.drawing.point(16, 120);
this.txtsendmsg.name = "txtsendmsg";
this.txtsendmsg.size = new system.drawing.size(224, 88);
this.txtsendmsg.tabindex = 5;
this.txtsendmsg.text = "";
// label4
this.label4.autosize = true;
this.label4.location = new system.drawing.point(16, 248);
this.label4.name = "label4";
this.label4.size = new system.drawing.size(60, 17);
this.label4.tabindex = 6;
this.label4.text = "连接状态:";
// status
this.status.location = new system.drawing.point(80, 248);
this.status.name = "status";
this.status.size = new system.drawing.size(192, 23);
this.status.tabindex = 7;
// txtrecvmsg
this.txtrecvmsg.location = new system.drawing.point(264, 80);
this.txtrecvmsg.name = "txtrecvmsg";
this.txtrecvmsg.readonly = true;
this.txtrecvmsg.size = new system.drawing.size(224, 144);
this.txtrecvmsg.tabindex = 8;
this.txtrecvmsg.text = "";
// button1
this.button1.location = new system.drawing.point(280, 16);
this.button1.name = "button1";
this.button1.size = new system.drawing.size(88, 32);
this.button1.tabindex = 9;
this.button1.text = "连接";
this.button1.click += new system.eventhandler(this.button1_click);
// button2
this.button2.location = new system.drawing.point(384, 16);
this.button2.name = "button2";
this.button2.size = new system.drawing.size(88, 32);
this.button2.tabindex = 10;
this.button2.text = "断开";
this.button2.click += new system.eventhandler(this.button2_click);
// button3
this.button3.location = new system.drawing.point(280, 232);
this.button3.name = "button3";
this.button3.size = new system.drawing.size(88, 32);
this.button3.tabindex = 11;
this.button3.text = "清空信息";
this.button3.click += new system.eventhandler(this.button3_click);
// button4
this.button4.location = new system.drawing.point(384, 232);
this.button4.name = "button4";
this.button4.size = new system.drawing.size(88, 32);
this.button4.tabindex = 12;
this.button4.text = "关闭";
this.button4.click += new system.eventhandler(this.button4_click);
// label5
this.label5.autosize = true;
this.label5.location = new system.drawing.point(264, 64);
this.label5.name = "label5";
this.label5.size = new system.drawing.size(134, 17);
this.label5.tabindex = 13;
this.label5.text = "收到服务器发来的信息:";
// button5
this.button5.location = new system.drawing.point(16, 208);
this.button5.name = "button5";
this.button5.size = new system.drawing.size(224, 32);
this.button5.tabindex = 14;
this.button5.text = "发送信息";
this.button5.click += new system.eventhandler(this.button5_click);
// form1
this.autoscalebasesize = new system.drawing.size(6, 14);
this.clientsize = new system.drawing.size(512, 277);
this.controls.add(this.button5);
this.controls.add(this.label5);
this.controls.add(this.button4);
this.controls.add(this.button3);
this.controls.add(this.button2);
this.controls.add(this.button1);
this.controls.add(this.txtrecvmsg);
this.controls.add(this.status);
this.controls.add(this.label4);
this.controls.add(this.txtsendmsg);
this.controls.add(this.label3);
this.controls.add(this.txtport);
this.controls.add(this.label2);
this.controls.add(this.txtip);
this.controls.add(this.label1);
this.name = "form1";
this.text = "多人聊天程序client端";
this.load += new system.eventhandler(this.form1_load);
this.resumelayout(false);
}
#endregion
[stathread]
static void main()
{
application.run(new form1());
}
// 连接按钮
private void button1_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)
{
// ip地址和端口号不能为空
if(txtip.text == "" || txtport.text == "")
{
messagebox.show("请先完整填写服务器ip地址和端口号!", "提示");
return;
}
try
{
// 创建socket实例
clientsocket = new socket(addressfamily.internetwork, sockettype.stream, protocoltype.tcp);
// 得到服务器的ip地址
ipaddress ipaddress = ipaddress.parse(txtip.text);
int32 port = int32.parse(txtport.text);
// 创建远程终结点
ipendpoint remoteep = new ipendpoint(ipaddress, port);
// 连接到远程服务器
clientsocket.connect(remoteep);
if(clientsocket.connected)
{
updatecontrols(true);
waitfordata(); // 异步等待数据
}
}
catch(socketexception se)
{
messagebox.show (se.message, "提示");
updatecontrols(false);
}
}
// 等待数据
public void waitfordata()
{
try
{
if(pfncallback == null)
{
// 当连接上的客户有写的操作的时候，调用回调函数
pfncallback = new asynccallback(ondatareceived);
}
socketpacket socketpacket = new socketpacket();
socketpacket.thissocket = clientsocket;
result = clientsocket.beginreceive(socketpacket.databuffer, 0, socketpacket.databuffer.length,
socketflags.none, pfncallback, socketpacket);
}
catch(socketexception se)
{
messagebox.show(se.message, "提示");
}
}
// 该类保存socket以及发送给服务器的数据
public class socketpacket
{
public system.net.sockets.socket thissocket;
public byte[] databuffer = new byte[1024]; // 发给服务器的数据
}
// 接收数据
public void ondatareceived(iasyncresult asyn)
{
try
{
socketpacket thesockid = (socketpacket)asyn.asyncstate ;
// endreceive完成beginreceive异步调用，返回服务器写入流的字节数
int irx = thesockid.thissocket.endreceive(asyn);
// 加 1 是因为字符串以 '\0' 作为结束标志符
char[] chars = new char[irx + 1];
// 用utf8格式来将string信息转化成byte数组形式
system.text.decoder decoder = system.text.encoding.utf8.getdecoder();
int charlen = decoder.getchars(thesockid.databuffer, 0, irx, chars, 0);
system.string szdata = new system.string(chars);
// 将收到的信息显示在信息列表中
txtrecvmsg.text = txtrecvmsg.text + szdata;
// 等待数据
waitfordata();
}
catch (objectdisposedexception)
{
system.diagnostics.debugger.log(0,"1","\nondatareceived: socket已经关闭!\n");
}
catch(socketexception se)
{
if(se.errorcode == 10054)
{
string msg = "服务器" + "停止服务!" + "\n";
txtrecvmsg.text = txtrecvmsg.text + msg;
clientsocket.close();
clientsocket = null;
updatecontrols(false);
}
else
{
messagebox.show(se.message, "提示");
}
}
}
// 更新控件。连接和断开（发送信息）按钮的状态是互斥的
private void updatecontrols(bool connected)
{
button1.enabled = !connected;
button2.enabled = connected;
button5.enabled = connected;
if(connected)
{
status.text = "已连接";
}
else
{
status.text = "无连接";
}
}
// 断开按钮
private void button2_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)
{
// 关闭socket
if(clientsocket != null)
{
clientsocket.close();
clientsocket = null;
updatecontrols(false);
}
}
// 发送信息按钮
private void button5_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)
{
try
{
// 如果客户与服务器有连接，则允许发送信息
if(clientsocket.connected)
{
string msg = txtsendmsg.text + "\n";
// 用utf8格式来将string信息转化成byte数组形式
byte[] bydata = system.text.encoding.utf8.getbytes(msg);
if(clientsocket != null)
{
// 发送数据
clientsocket.send(bydata);
}
}
}
catch(exception se)
{
messagebox.show(se.message, "提示");
}
}
// 清空按钮
private void button3_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)
{
txtrecvmsg.clear(); // 清空信息列表
}
// 关闭按钮
private void button4_click(object sender, system.eventargs e)
{
// 关闭socket
if(clientsocket != null)
{
clientsocket.close();
clientsocket = null;
}
close(); // 关闭窗体
}
private void form1_load(object sender, system.eventargs e)
{
updatecontrols(false); // 初始化时，只有连接按钮可用
}
}
}
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