本文研究的主要是java使用dom对xml文档进行增删改查操作的相关代码，具体实例如下所示。
源代码：
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package com.zc.homework18;
import java.io.file;
import javax.xml.parsers.documentbuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.documentbuilderfactory;
import javax.xml.transform.transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.transformerfactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.domsource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.streamresult;
import javax.xml.xpath.xpath;
import javax.xml.xpath.xpathconstants;
import javax.xml.xpath.xpathexpressionexception;
import javax.xml.xpath.xpathfactory;
import org.w3c.dom.document;
import org.w3c.dom.element;
import org.w3c.dom.node;
import org.w3c.dom.nodelist;
public class xmlwriter {
private static string xmlpath = "src\\com\\zc\\homework18\\myxml.xml";
public static void getfamilymemebers() {
/*
* 创建文件工厂实例
*/
documentbuilderfactory dbf = documentbuilderfactory.newinstance();
// 如果创建的解析器在解析xml文档时必须删除元素内容中的空格，则为true，否则为false
dbf.setignoringelementcontentwhitespace(true);
try {
/*
* 创建文件对象
*/
documentbuilder db = dbf.newdocumentbuilder();// 创建解析器，解析xml文档
document doc = db.parse(xmlpath); // 使用dom解析xml文件
/*
* 历遍列表，进行xml文件的数据提取
*/
// 根据节点名称来获取所有相关的节点
nodelist sonlist = doc.getelementsbytagname("son");
for (int i = 0; i < sonlist.getlength(); i++) // 循环处理对象
{
// 节点属性的处理
element son = (element) sonlist.item(i);
// 循环节点son内的所有子节点
for (node node = son.getfirstchild(); node != null; node = node
.getnextsibling()) {
// 判断是否为元素节点
if (node.getnodetype() == node.element_node) {
string name = node.getnodename();
string value = node.getfirstchild().getnodevalue();
system.out.println(name + " : " + value);
}
}
}
} catch (exception e) {
system.out.println(e.getmessage());
}
}
// 修改
public static void modifyson() {
// 创建文件工厂实例
documentbuilderfactory dbf = documentbuilderfactory.newinstance();
dbf.setignoringelementcontentwhitespace(true);
try {
// 从xml文档中获取dom文档实例
documentbuilder db = dbf.newdocumentbuilder();
// 获取document对象
document xmldoc = db.parse(xmlpath);
// 获取根节点
element root = xmldoc.getdocumentelement();
// 定位id为001的节点
element per = (element) selectsinglenode("/father/son[@id='001']",
root);
// 将age节点的内容更改为28
per.getelementsbytagname("age").item(0).settextcontent("28");
// 保存
transformerfactory factory = transformerfactory.newinstance();
transformer former = factory.newtransformer();
former.transform(new domsource(xmldoc), new streamresult(new file(
xmlpath)));
} catch (exception e) {
system.out.println(e.getmessage());
}
}
// 获取目标节点，进行删除，最后保存
public static void discardson() {
documentbuilderfactory dbf = documentbuilderfactory.newinstance();
dbf.setignoringelementcontentwhitespace(true);
try {
documentbuilder db = dbf.newdocumentbuilder();
document xmldoc = db.parse(xmlpath);
// 获取根节点
element root = xmldoc.getdocumentelement();
// 定位根节点中的id=002的节点
element son = (element) selectsinglenode("/father/son[@id='002']",
root);
// 删除该节点
root.removechild(son);
// 保存
transformerfactory factory = transformerfactory.newinstance();
transformer former = factory.newtransformer();
former.transform(new domsource(xmldoc), new streamresult(new file(
xmlpath)));
} catch (exception e) {
system.out.println(e.getmessage());
}
}
// 新增节点
public static void createson() {
// 创建文件工厂实例
documentbuilderfactory dbf = documentbuilderfactory.newinstance();
dbf.setignoringelementcontentwhitespace(false);
try {
documentbuilder db = dbf.newdocumentbuilder();
// 创建document对象
document xmldoc = db.parse(xmlpath);
// 获取根节点
element root = xmldoc.getdocumentelement();
// 创建节点son，设置对应的id为004
element son = xmldoc.createelement("son");
son.setattribute("id", "004");
// 创建节点name
element name = xmldoc.createelement("name");
name.settextcontent("小儿子");
son.appendchild(name);
// 创建节点age
element age = xmldoc.createelement("age");
age.settextcontent("0");
son.appendchild(age);
// 把son添加到根节点中
root.appendchild(son);
// 保存
transformerfactory factory = transformerfactory.newinstance();
transformer former = factory.newtransformer();
former.transform(new domsource(xmldoc), new streamresult(new file(
xmlpath)));
} catch (exception e) {
system.out.println(e.getmessage());
}
}
// 修改节点信息
public static node selectsinglenode(string express, element source) {
node result = null;
//创建xpath工厂
xpathfactory xpathfactory = xpathfactory.newinstance();
//创建xpath对象
xpath xpath = xpathfactory.newxpath();
try {
result = (node) xpath.evaluate(express, source, xpathconstants.node);
system.out.println(result);
} catch (xpathexpressionexception e) {
system.out.println(e.getmessage());
}
return result;
}
// 打印
public static void main(string[] args) {
getfamilymemebers();
system.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
modifyson();
system.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
system.out.println("修改数据");
getfamilymemebers();
system.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
discardson();
system.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
system.out.println("删除数据");
getfamilymemebers();
system.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
createson();
system.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
system.out.println("添加数据");
getfamilymemebers();
}
}
xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no"?>
<father>
<son id="001">
<name>老大</name>
<age>20</age>
</son>
<son id="002">
<name>老二</name>
<age>18</age>
</son>
<son id="003">
<name>老三</name>
<age>13</age>
</son>
</father>
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