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前言
现在一般很少有用android原生app发送邮件的需求，但是前段时间公司项目需要在android app 内部发送邮件，于是就在网上收集资料并整理了一个demo。虽然最后这个需求被减掉了，但是我这里还是把demo的内容给大家分享一下。
第一步、导入第三方jar包
android实现发送邮件，首先需要依赖additional.jar、mail.jar和activation.jar这3个jar包。google提供了下载地址： 。下载后添加到依赖（这里我就不详细说明了）。
第二步、创建相关类
1、创建mailinfo类，来代表一个即将被发送的邮件
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package com.shidian.mail;
import java.util.properties;
public class mailinfo {
private string mailserverhost;// 发送邮件的服务器的ip
private string mailserverport;// 发送邮件的服务器的端口
private string fromaddress;// 邮件发送者的地址
private string toaddress; // 邮件接收者的地址
private string username;// 登陆邮件发送服务器的用户名
private string password;// 登陆邮件发送服务器的密码
private boolean validate = true;// 是否需要身份验证
private string subject;// 邮件主题
private string content;// 邮件的文本内容
private string[] attachfilenames;// 邮件附件的文件名
/**
* 获得邮件会话属性
*/
public properties getproperties() {
properties p = new properties();
p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailserverhost);
p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailserverport);
p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false");
return p;
}
public string getmailserverhost() {
return mailserverhost;
}
public void setmailserverhost(string mailserverhost) {
this.mailserverhost = mailserverhost;
}
public string getmailserverport() {
return mailserverport;
}
public void setmailserverport(string mailserverport) {
this.mailserverport = mailserverport;
}
public boolean isvalidate() {
return validate;
}
public void setvalidate(boolean validate) {
this.validate = validate;
}
public string[] getattachfilenames() {
return attachfilenames;
}
public void setattachfilenames(string[] filenames) {
this.attachfilenames = filenames;
}
public string getfromaddress() {
return fromaddress;
}
public void setfromaddress(string fromaddress) {
this.fromaddress = fromaddress;
}
public string getpassword() {
return password;
}
public void setpassword(string password) {
this.password = password;
}
public string gettoaddress() {
return toaddress;
}
public void settoaddress(string toaddress) {
this.toaddress = toaddress;
}
public string getusername() {
return username;
}
public void setusername(string username) {
this.username = username;
}
public string getsubject() {
return subject;
}
public void setsubject(string subject) {
this.subject = subject;
}
public string getcontent() {
return content;
}
public void setcontent(string textcontent) {
this.content = textcontent;
}
}
2、创建认证类myauthenticator
package com.shidian.mail;
import javax.mail.authenticator;
import javax.mail.passwordauthentication;
public class myauthenticator extends authenticator {
string username = null;
string password = null;
public myauthenticator() {
}
public myauthenticator(string username, string password) {
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
protected passwordauthentication getpasswordauthentication() {
return new passwordauthentication(username, password);
}
}
3、创建邮件发送类mailsender
package com.shidian.mail;
import android.util.log;
import java.io.file;
import java.util.date;
import java.util.properties;
import javax.activation.datahandler;
import javax.activation.filedatasource;
import javax.mail.address;
import javax.mail.authenticator;
import javax.mail.bodypart;
import javax.mail.message;
import javax.mail.messagingexception;
import javax.mail.multipart;
import javax.mail.passwordauthentication;
import javax.mail.session;
import javax.mail.transport;
import javax.mail.internet.internetaddress;
import javax.mail.internet.mimebodypart;
import javax.mail.internet.mimemessage;
import javax.mail.internet.mimemultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.mimeutility;
/**
* 发送器
*/
public class mailsender {
/**
* 以文本格式发送邮件
* @param mailinfo 待发送的邮件的信息
*/
public boolean sendtextmail(final mailinfo mailinfo) {
// 判断是否需要身份认证
myauthenticator authenticator = null;
properties pro = mailinfo.getproperties();
if (mailinfo.isvalidate()) {
// 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器
authenticator = new myauthenticator(mailinfo.getusername(), mailinfo.getpassword());
}
// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
session sendmailsession = session.getdefaultinstance(pro, authenticator);
// session sendmailsession = session.getinstance(pro, new authenticator() {
// @override
// protected passwordauthentication getpasswordauthentication() {
// return new passwordauthentication(mailinfo.getusername(),mailinfo.getpassword());
// }
// });
try {
// 根据session创建一个邮件消息
message mailmessage = new mimemessage(sendmailsession);
// 创建邮件发送者地址
address from = new internetaddress(mailinfo.getfromaddress());
// 设置邮件消息的发送者
mailmessage.setfrom(from);
// 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
address to = new internetaddress(mailinfo.gettoaddress());
mailmessage.setrecipient(message.recipienttype.to, to);
// 设置邮件消息的主题
mailmessage.setsubject(mailinfo.getsubject());
// 设置邮件消息发送的时间
mailmessage.setsentdate(new date());
// 设置邮件消息的主要内容
string mailcontent = mailinfo.getcontent();
mailmessage.settext(mailcontent);
// 发送邮件
transport.send(mailmessage);
return true;
} catch (messagingexception ex) {
ex.printstacktrace();
}
return false;
}
/**
* 以html格式发送邮件
* @param mailinfo 待发送的邮件信息
*/
public static boolean sendhtmlmail(mailinfo mailinfo) {
// 判断是否需要身份认证
myauthenticator authenticator = null;
properties pro = mailinfo.getproperties();
// 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器
if (mailinfo.isvalidate()) {
authenticator = new myauthenticator(mailinfo.getusername(), mailinfo.getpassword());
}
// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
session sendmailsession = session.getdefaultinstance(pro, authenticator);
try {
// 根据session创建一个邮件消息
message mailmessage = new mimemessage(sendmailsession);
// 创建邮件发送者地址
address from = new internetaddress(mailinfo.getfromaddress());
// 设置邮件消息的发送者
mailmessage.setfrom(from);
// 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
address to = new internetaddress(mailinfo.gettoaddress());
// message.recipienttype.to属性表示接收者的类型为to
mailmessage.setrecipient(message.recipienttype.to, to);
// 设置邮件消息的主题
mailmessage.setsubject(mailinfo.getsubject());
// 设置邮件消息发送的时间
mailmessage.setsentdate(new date());
// minimultipart类是一个容器类，包含mimebodypart类型的对象
multipart mainpart = new mimemultipart();
// 创建一个包含html内容的mimebodypart
bodypart html = new mimebodypart();
// 设置html内容
html.setcontent(mailinfo.getcontent(), "text/html; charset=utf-8");
mainpart.addbodypart(html);
// 将minimultipart对象设置为邮件内容
mailmessage.setcontent(mainpart);
// 发送邮件
transport.send(mailmessage);
return true;
} catch (messagingexception ex) {
ex.printstacktrace();
}
return false;
}
/**
* 发送带附件的邮件
* @param info
* @return
*/
public boolean sendfilemail(mailinfo info, file file){
message attachmentmail = createattachmentmail(info,file);
try {
transport.send(attachmentmail);
return true;
} catch (messagingexception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 创建带有附件的邮件
* @return
*/
private message createattachmentmail(final mailinfo info, file file) {
//创建邮件
mimemessage message = null;
properties pro = info.getproperties();
try {
session sendmailsession = session.getinstance(pro, new authenticator() {
@override
protected passwordauthentication getpasswordauthentication() {
return new passwordauthentication(info.getusername(),info.getpassword());
}
});
message = new mimemessage(sendmailsession);
// 设置邮件的基本信息
//创建邮件发送者地址
address from = new internetaddress(info.getfromaddress());
//设置邮件消息的发送者
message.setfrom(from);
//创建邮件的接受者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
address to = new internetaddress(info.gettoaddress());
//设置邮件消息的接受者, message.recipienttype.to属性表示接收者的类型为to
message.setrecipient(message.recipienttype.to, to);
//邮件标题
message.setsubject(info.getsubject());
// 创建邮件正文，为了避免邮件正文中文乱码问题，需要使用charset=utf-8指明字符编码
mimebodypart text = new mimebodypart();
text.setcontent(info.getcontent(), "text/html;charset=utf-8");
// 创建容器描述数据关系
mimemultipart mp = new mimemultipart();
mp.addbodypart(text);
// 创建邮件附件
mimebodypart attach = new mimebodypart();
filedatasource ds = new filedatasource(file);
datahandler dh = new datahandler(ds);
attach.setdatahandler(dh);
attach.setfilename(mimeutility.encodetext(dh.getname()));
mp.addbodypart(attach);
mp.setsubtype("mixed");
message.setcontent(mp);
message.savechanges();
} catch (exception e) {
log.e("tag", "创建带附件的邮件失败");
e.printstacktrace();
}
// 返回生成的邮件
return message;
}
}
第三步、发送邮件
这里举例发送文本邮件和带附件的邮件
package teprinciple.yang.sendmaildemo;
import android.os.environment;
import android.support.v7.app.appcompatactivity;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.view.view;
import android.widget.edittext;
import com.shidian.mail.sendmailutil;
import java.io.file;
import java.io.filenotfoundexception;
import java.io.fileoutputstream;
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.io.outputstream;
public class mainactivity extends appcompatactivity {
private edittext edittext;
@override
protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(r.layout.activity_main);
edittext = (edittext) findviewbyid(r.id.toaddet);
}
public void sentextmail(view view) {
sendmailutil.send(edittext.gettext().tostring());
}
public void sendfilemail(view view) {
file file = new file(environment.getexternalstoragedirectory()+file.separator+"test.txt");
outputstream os = null;
try {
os = new fileoutputstream(file);
string str = "hello world";
byte[] data = str.getbytes();
os.write(data);
} catch (filenotfoundexception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
} catch (ioexception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}finally{
try {
if (os != null)os.close();
} catch (ioexception e) {
}
}
sendmailutil.send(file,edittext.gettext().tostring());
}
}
下面是发送邮件的sendmailutil
package com.shidian.mail;
import android.support.annotation.nonnull;
import java.io.file;
/**
* created by administrator on 2017/4/10.
*/
public class sendmailutil {
//qq
private static final string host = "smtp.qq.com";
private static final string port = "587";
private static final string from_add = "teprinciple@foxmail.com";
private static final string from_psw = "lfrlpganzjrwbeci";
// //163
// private static final string host = "smtp.163.com";
// private static final string port = "465"; //或者465 994
// private static final string from_add = "teprinciple@163.com";
// private static final string from_psw = "teprinciple163";
//// private static final string to_add = "2584770373@qq.com";
public static void send(final file file,string toadd){
final mailinfo mailinfo = creatmail(toadd);
final mailsender sms = new mailsender();
new thread(new runnable() {
@override
public void run() {
sms.sendfilemail(mailinfo,file);
}
}).start();
}
public static void send(string toadd){
final mailinfo mailinfo = creatmail(toadd);
final mailsender sms = new mailsender();
new thread(new runnable() {
@override
public void run() {
sms.sendtextmail(mailinfo);
}
}).start();
}
@nonnull
private static mailinfo creatmail(string toadd) {
final mailinfo mailinfo = new mailinfo();
mailinfo.setmailserverhost(host);
mailinfo.setmailserverport(port);
mailinfo.setvalidate(true);
mailinfo.setusername(from_add); // 你的邮箱地址
mailinfo.setpassword(from_psw);// 您的邮箱密码
mailinfo.setfromaddress(from_add); // 发送的邮箱
mailinfo.settoaddress(toadd); // 发到哪个邮件去
mailinfo.setsubject("hello"); // 邮件主题
mailinfo.setcontent("android 测试"); // 邮件文本
return mailinfo;
}
}
特别注意：一定要打开邮箱pop3/imap/smtp服务，不然认证会失败
项目地址：https://github.com/teprinciple/sendmaildemo
demo下载地址：
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持移动技术网。
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