我要评论最近做了几个项目，都有在产品贴标的需求
基本就是有个证卡类打印机，然后把产品的信息打印在标签上。
然后通过机器人把标签贴到产品上面
标签信息包括文本，二维码，条形码之类的，要根据对应的数据生成二维码，条形码。
打印标签的需求接到手后，开始了我的填坑之旅。
打印3.0源代码：https://github.com/zeqp/zeqp.print
打印1.0
第一个项目开始，因为原来没有研究过打印，所以在bing上查了一下.net打印机关的资料
发现基本上都是基于.net的
system.drawing.printing.printdocument
这个类来做自定义打印
大家都用这个做打印，我想按理也没有问题。
所以开始了我的代码。
printdocument去做打印，无非就是设置好打印机名称，
defaultpagesettings.printersettings.printername
打印份数
defaultpagesettings.printersettings.copies
纸张方向
defaultpagesettings.landscape
然后打印的具体的信息就是事件printpage写进去
然后调用
graphics.drawstring,graphics.drawimage来写入具体的文本与图片
graphics.draw的时候要指定字体，颜色，位置等数据
我把这些做成配置数据。
然后1.0版本就成了。
下图为位置的配置文件
代码一写完，用vs调试的时候。跑得飞起。、
所有的字体，要打印数据的位置也通过配置文件可以动态的调整。感觉还算完美。
但是现实很骨感，马上就拍拍打脸了
printdocument类只能以winform的方式运行，不能以服务的方式运行。
具体可以参考：https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/api/system.drawing.printing?redirectedfrom=msdn&view=netframework-4.8
幸好客户方面没有什么要求，而且生产的时候会有一台专门的上位机可以做这个事，所以做了一个无界面的winform。在电脑启动的时候运行
从而解决了不能以服务的方式运行的问题。
打印2.0
做完打印1.0后，又接到了一个项目。又是有打印相关的功能，自然又分配到我这里来了。
但是对于上一个版本的打印。不能做为服务运行，做为自己写的一个程序，居然有这么大的瑕疵。总感觉心里不爽
想去解决这个问题，但是在bing上找到.net的所有打印都是这样做的。也找不到什么更好的方法。
只到问了很多相关的相关人士。最后给了我一个第三方的商业解决方案bartender
相关参考：https://www.bartendersoftware.com/
这个有自己的模板编辑器，
有自己的sdk，有编辑器，功能也非学强大。不愧是商业打印解决方案。
根据他的sdk，同时安装了相关程序，写下几句打印代码。一个基于win服务的打印出来了
于是。打印2.0出来了。
打印3.0
但是对于一个基于第三方的商业打印方案，所有功能都是很强大。实现也简单。
就是对于一般公司的小项目。挣的钱还不够买这个商业套件的license
而且对于一个只会使用别人家的sdk的程序。不是一个有灵魂的程序。
因为你都不知道人家背后是怎么实现的。原理是什么都不知道。
对于我，虽然能把这个项目用bartender完成。但是总是对这个打印方案不是很满意。
因为我只在这个上面加了一层壳。不知道后面做了什么。
所以我一直想自己开发一个可以基于win服务运行的打印程序。最好也要有自己的模板编辑器。
只到有一天。无意找到一篇文章
https://docs.aspose.com/display/wordsnet/print+a+document
他这里也解释了有关基于服务的打印有关的问题不能解决。
并且他们已经找到了对应的解决方案。基于他的解决方案。写了对应一个打印帮助类。
这个是基于windows的xps文档api打印。
xps是在win 7后就是windows支持的打印文档类型 类比pdf
基本 xpsprint api 的相关说明
同时基本他的xps打印帮助类。我做了测试。可以完美的在windows服务里面运行关打印。
1 namespace zeqp.print.framework
2 {
3 /// <summary>
4 /// a utility class that converts a document to xps using aspose.words and then sends to the xpsprint api.
5 /// </summary>
6 public class xpsprinthelper
7 {
8 /// <summary>
9 /// no ctor.
10 /// </summary>
11 private xpsprinthelper()
12 {
13 }
14
15 // exstart:xpsprint_printdocument
16 // exsummary:convert an aspose.words document into an xps stream and print.
17 /// <summary>
18 /// sends an aspose.words document to a printer using the xpsprint api.
19 /// </summary>
20 /// <param name="document"></param>
21 /// <param name="printername"></param>
22 /// <param name="jobname">job name. can be null.</param>
23 /// <param name="iswait">true to wait for the job to complete. false to return immediately after submitting the job.</param>
24 /// <exception cref="exception">thrown if any error occurs.</exception>
25 public static void print(string xpsfile, string printername, string jobname, bool iswait)
26 {
27 console.writeline("print");
28 if (!file.exists(xpsfile))
29 throw new argumentnullexception("xpsfile");
30 using (var stream = file.openread(xpsfile))
31 {
32 print(stream, printername, jobname, iswait);
33 }
34 //// use aspose.words to convert the document to xps and store in a memory stream.
35 //file.openread
36 //memorystream stream = new memorystream();
37
38 //stream.position = 0;
39 //console.writeline("saved as xps");
40 //print(stream, printername, jobname, iswait);
41 console.writeline("after print");
42 }
43 // exend:xpsprint_printdocument
44 // exstart:xpsprint_printstream
45 // exsummary:prints an xps document using the xpsprint api.
46 /// <summary>
47 /// sends a stream that contains a document in the xps format to a printer using the xpsprint api.
48 /// has no dependency on aspose.words, can be used in any project.
49 /// </summary>
50 /// <param name="stream"></param>
51 /// <param name="printername"></param>
52 /// <param name="jobname">job name. can be null.</param>
53 /// <param name="iswait">true to wait for the job to complete. false to return immediately after submitting the job.</param>
54 /// <exception cref="exception">thrown if any error occurs.</exception>
55 public static void print(stream stream, string printername, string jobname, bool iswait)
56 {
57 if (stream == null)
58 throw new argumentnullexception("stream");
59 if (printername == null)
60 throw new argumentnullexception("printername");
61
62 // create an event that we will wait on until the job is complete.
63 intptr completionevent = createevent(intptr.zero, true, false, null);
64 if (completionevent == intptr.zero)
65 throw new win32exception();
66
67 // try
68 // {
69 ixpsprintjob job;
70 ixpsprintjobstream jobstream;
71 console.writeline("startjob");
72 startjob(printername, jobname, completionevent, out job, out jobstream);
73 console.writeline("done startjob");
74 console.writeline("start copyjob");
75 copyjob(stream, job, jobstream);
76 console.writeline("end copyjob");
77
78 console.writeline("start wait");
79 if (iswait)
80 {
81 waitforjob(completionevent);
82 checkjobstatus(job);
83 }
84 console.writeline("end wait");
85 /* }
86 finally
87 {
88 if (completionevent != intptr.zero)
89 closehandle(completionevent);
90 }
91 */
92 if (completionevent != intptr.zero)
93 closehandle(completionevent);
94 console.writeline("close handle");
95 }
96 // exend:xpsprint_printstream
97
98 private static void startjob(string printername, string jobname, intptr completionevent, out ixpsprintjob job, out ixpsprintjobstream jobstream)
99 {
100 int result = startxpsprintjob(printername, jobname, null, intptr.zero, completionevent,
101 null, 0, out job, out jobstream, intptr.zero);
102 if (result != 0)
103 throw new win32exception(result);
104 }
105
106 private static void copyjob(stream stream, ixpsprintjob job, ixpsprintjobstream jobstream)
107 {
108
109 // try
110 // {
111 byte[] buff = new byte[4096];
112 while (true)
113 {
114 uint read = (uint)stream.read(buff, 0, buff.length);
115 if (read == 0)
116 break;
117
118 uint written;
119 jobstream.write(buff, read, out written);
120
121 if (read != written)
122 throw new exception("failed to copy data to the print job stream.");
123 }
124
125 // indicate that the entire document has been copied.
126 jobstream.close();
127 // }
128 // catch (exception)
129 // {
130 // // cancel the job if we had any trouble submitting it.
131 // job.cancel();
132 // throw;
133 // }
134 }
135
136 private static void waitforjob(intptr completionevent)
137 {
138 const int infinite = -1;
139 switch (waitforsingleobject(completionevent, infinite))
140 {
141 case wait_result.wait_object_0:
142 // expected result, do nothing.
143 break;
144 case wait_result.wait_failed:
145 throw new win32exception();
146 default:
147 throw new exception("unexpected result when waiting for the print job.");
148 }
149 }
150
151 private static void checkjobstatus(ixpsprintjob job)
152 {
153 xps_job_status jobstatus;
154 job.getjobstatus(out jobstatus);
155 switch (jobstatus.completion)
156 {
157 case xps_job_completion.xps_job_completed:
158 // expected result, do nothing.
159 break;
160 case xps_job_completion.xps_job_failed:
161 throw new win32exception(jobstatus.jobstatus);
162 default:
163 throw new exception("unexpected print job status.");
164 }
165 }
166
167 [dllimport("xpsprint.dll", entrypoint = "startxpsprintjob")]
168 private static extern int startxpsprintjob(
169 [marshalas(unmanagedtype.lpwstr)] string printername,
170 [marshalas(unmanagedtype.lpwstr)] string jobname,
171 [marshalas(unmanagedtype.lpwstr)] string outputfilename,
172 intptr progressevent, // handle
173 intptr completionevent, // handle
174 [marshalas(unmanagedtype.lparray)] byte[] printablepageson,
175 uint32 printablepagesoncount,
176 out ixpsprintjob xpsprintjob,
177 out ixpsprintjobstream documentstream,
178 intptr printticketstream); // this is actually "out ixpsprintjobstream", but we don't use it and just want to pass null, hence intptr.
179
180 [dllimport("kernel32.dll", setlasterror = true)]
181 private static extern intptr createevent(intptr lpeventattributes, bool bmanualreset, bool binitialstate, string lpname);
182
183 [dllimport("kernel32.dll", setlasterror = true, exactspelling = true)]
184 private static extern wait_result waitforsingleobject(intptr handle, int32 milliseconds);
185
186 [dllimport("kernel32.dll", setlasterror = true)]
187 [return: marshalas(unmanagedtype.bool)]
188 private static extern bool closehandle(intptr hobject);
189 }
190
191 /// <summary>
192 /// this interface definition is hacked.
193 ///
194 /// it appears that the iid for ixpsprintjobstream specified in xpsprint.h as
195 /// midl_interface("7a77dc5f-45d6-4dff-9307-d8cb846347ca") is not correct and the rcw cannot return it.
196 /// but the returned object returns the parent isequentialstream inteface successfully.
197 ///
198 /// so the hack is that we obtain the isequentialstream interface but work with it as
199 /// with the ixpsprintjobstream interface.
200 /// </summary>
201 [guid("0c733a30-2a1c-11ce-ade5-00aa0044773d")] // this is iid of isequenatialsteam.
202 [interfacetype(cominterfacetype.interfaceisiunknown)]
203 interface ixpsprintjobstream
204 {
205 // isequentualstream methods.
206 void read([marshalas(unmanagedtype.lparray)] byte[] pv, uint cb, out uint pcbread);
207 void write([marshalas(unmanagedtype.lparray)] byte[] pv, uint cb, out uint pcbwritten);
208 // ixpsprintjobstream methods.
209 void close();
210 }
211
212 [guid("5ab89b06-8194-425f-ab3b-d7a96e350161")]
213 [interfacetype(cominterfacetype.interfaceisiunknown)]
214 interface ixpsprintjob
215 {
216 void cancel();
217 void getjobstatus(out xps_job_status jobstatus);
218 }
219
220 [structlayout(layoutkind.sequential)]
221 struct xps_job_status
222 {
223 public uint32 jobid;
224 public int32 currentdocument;
225 public int32 currentpage;
226 public int32 currentpagetotal;
227 public xps_job_completion completion;
228 public int32 jobstatus; // uint32
229 };
230
231 enum xps_job_completion
232 {
233 xps_job_in_progress = 0,
234 xps_job_completed = 1,
235 xps_job_cancelled = 2,
236 xps_job_failed = 3
237 }
238
239 enum wait_result
240 {
241 wait_object_0 = 0,
242 wait_abandoned = 0x80,
243 wait_timeout = 0x102,
244 wait_failed = -1 // 0xffffffff
245 }
246 }
到此，基于windows服务的打印已经解决。
就只有模板编辑器的事情了。
对于原来做过基于word的邮件合并域的经验。自己开发一个编辑器来说工程量有点大
所以选择了一个现有的，功能又强大的文档编辑器。word来做为我的标签编辑器了。
word可以完美的解决纸张，格式，位置等问题。只是在对应的地方用“文本域”来做占位符
然后用自定义的数据填充就可以了。
下图为word模板编辑
编辑占位符（域）
这样的话。一个模板就出来了
如果是图片的话。就在域名前加image:
如果是表格的话。在表格的开始加上tablestart:表名
在表格的未尾加上tableend:表名
协议的话。走的是所有语言都支持的http，对于以后开发sdk也方便
对于上面的模板，只要发送这样的请球post
对于get请求
然后打印出来的效果
到此，打印3.0已经完成。
关键代码
根据请求数据生成打印实体
1 private printmodel getprintmodel(httplistenerrequest request)
2 {
3 var result = new printmodel();
4 result.printname = configurationmanager.appsettings["printname"];
5 result.template = path.combine(appdomain.currentdomain.basedirectory, "template", "default.docx");
6 result.action = printactiontype.print;
7
8 var query = request.url.query;
9 var dicquery = this.tonamevaluedictionary(query);
10 if (dicquery.containskey("printname")) result.printname = dicquery["printname"];
11 if (dicquery.containskey("copies")) result.copies = int.parse(dicquery["copies"]);
12 if (dicquery.containskey("template"))
13 {
14 var temppath = path.combine(appdomain.currentdomain.basedirectory, "template", dicquery["template"]);
15 if (file.exists(temppath))
16 result.template = temppath;
17 }
18 if (dicquery.containskey("action")) result.action = (printactiontype)enum.parse(typeof(printactiontype), dicquery["action"]);
19
20 foreach (var item in dicquery)
21 {
22 if (item.key.startswith("image:"))
23 {
24 var keyname = item.key.replace("image:", "");
25 if (result.imagecontent.containskey(keyname)) continue;
26 var imagemodel = item.value.toobject<imagecontentmodel>();
27 result.imagecontent.add(keyname, imagemodel);
28 continue;
29 }
30 if (item.key.startswith("table:"))
31 {
32 var keyname = item.key.replace("table:", "");
33 if (result.tablecontent.containskey(keyname)) continue;
34 var table = item.value.toobject<datatable>();
35 table.tablename = keyname;
36 result.tablecontent.add(keyname, table);
37 continue;
38 }
39 if (result.fieldcotent.containskey(item.key)) continue;
40 result.fieldcotent.add(item.key, item.value);
41 }
42
43 if (request.httpmethod.equals("post", stringcomparison.currentcultureignorecase))
44 {
45 var body = request.inputstream;
46 var encoding = encoding.utf8;
47 var reader = new streamreader(body, encoding);
48 var bodycontent = reader.readtoend();
49 var bodymodel = bodycontent.toobject<dictionary<string, object>>();
50 foreach (var item in bodymodel)
51 {
52 if (item.key.startswith("image:"))
53 {
54 var imagemodel = item.value.tojson().toobject<imagecontentmodel>();
55 var keyname = item.key.replace("image:", "");
56 if (result.imagecontent.containskey(keyname))
57 result.imagecontent[keyname] = imagemodel;
58 else
59 result.imagecontent.add(keyname, imagemodel);
60 continue;
61 }
62 if (item.key.startswith("table:"))
63 {
64 var table = item.value.tojson().toobject<datatable>();
65 var keyname = item.key.replace("table:", "");
66 table.tablename = keyname;
67 if (result.tablecontent.containskey(keyname))
68 result.tablecontent[keyname] = table;
69 else
70 result.tablecontent.add(keyname, table);
71 continue;
72 }
73 if (result.fieldcotent.containskey(item.key))
74 result.fieldcotent[item.key] = httputility.urldecode(item.value.tostring());
75 else
76 result.fieldcotent.add(item.key, httputility.urldecode(item.value.tostring()));
77 }
78 }
79 return result;
80 }
文档邮件合并域
1 public class mergedocument : idisposable
2 {
3 public printmodel model { get; set; }
4 public document doc { get; set; }
5 private printfieldmergingcallback fieldcallback { get; set; }
6 public mergedocument(printmodel model)
7 {
8 this.model = model;
9 this.doc = new document(model.template);
10 this.fieldcallback = new printfieldmergingcallback(this.model);
11 this.doc.mailmerge.fieldmergingcallback = this.fieldcallback;
12 }
13 public stream mergetostream()
14 {
15 if (this.model.fieldcotent.count > 0)
16 this.doc.mailmerge.execute(this.model.fieldcotent.keys.toarray(), this.model.fieldcotent.values.toarray());
17 if (this.model.imagecontent.count > 0)
18 {
19 this.doc.mailmerge.execute(this.model.imagecontent.keys.toarray(), this.model.imagecontent.values.select(s => s.value).toarray());
20 };
21 if (this.model.tablecontent.count > 0)
22 {
23 foreach (var item in this.model.tablecontent)
24 {
25 var table = item.value;
26 table.tablename = item.key;
27 this.doc.mailmerge.executewithregions(table);
28 }
29 }
30 this.doc.updatefields();
31
32 var filename = path.combine(appdomain.currentdomain.basedirectory, "printdoc", $"{datetime.now.tostring("yymmddhhmmssfff")}.docx");
33 var ms = new memorystream();
34 this.doc.save(ms, saveformat.xps);
35 return ms;
36 }
37
38 public void dispose()
39 {
40 this.fieldcallback.dispose();
41 }
42
43 private class printfieldmergingcallback : ifieldmergingcallback, idisposable
44 {
45 public httpclient client { get; set; }
46 public printmodel model { get; set; }
47 public printfieldmergingcallback(printmodel model)
48 {
49 this.model = model;
50 this.client = new httpclient();
51 }
52 public void fieldmerging(fieldmergingargs args)
53 {
54 }
55
56 public void imagefieldmerging(imagefieldmergingargs field)
57 {
58 var fieldname = field.fieldname;
59 if (!this.model.imagecontent.containskey(fieldname)) return;
60 var imagemodel = this.model.imagecontent[fieldname];
61 switch (imagemodel.type)
62 {
63 case imagetype.local:
64 {
65 field.image = image.fromfile(imagemodel.value);
66 field.imagewidth = new mergefieldimagedimension(imagemodel.width);
67 field.imageheight = new mergefieldimagedimension(imagemodel.height);
68 };
69 break;
70 case imagetype.network:
71 {
72 var imagestream = this.client.getstreamasync(imagemodel.value).result;
73 var ms = new memorystream();
74 imagestream.copyto(ms);
75 ms.position = 0;
76 field.imagestream = ms;
77 field.imagewidth = new mergefieldimagedimension(imagemodel.width);
78 field.imageheight = new mergefieldimagedimension(imagemodel.height);
79 }; break;
80 case imagetype.barcode:
81 {
82 var barimage = this.generateimage(barcodeformat.code_128, imagemodel.value, imagemodel.width, imagemodel.height);
83 field.image = barimage;
84 }; break;
85 case imagetype.qrcode:
86 {
87 var qrimage = this.generateimage(barcodeformat.qr_code, imagemodel.value, imagemodel.width, imagemodel.height);
88 field.image = qrimage;
89 }; break;
90 default: break;
91 }
92 }
93 private bitmap generateimage(barcodeformat format, string code, int width, int height)
94 {
95 var writer = new barcodewriter();
96 writer.format = format;
97 encodingoptions options = new encodingoptions()
98 {
99 width = width,
100 height = height,
101 margin = 2,
102 purebarcode = false
103 };
104 writer.options = options;
105 if (format == barcodeformat.qr_code)
106 {
107 var qroption = new qrcodeencodingoptions()
108 {
109 disableeci = true,
110 characterset = "utf-8",
111 width = width,
112 height = height,
113 margin = 2
114 };
115 writer.options = qroption;
116 }
117 var codeimg = writer.write(code);
118 return codeimg;
119 }
120
121 public void dispose()
122 {
123 this.client.dispose();
124 }
125 }
126 }
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