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python爬取本站电子书信息并入库的实现代码

2020年03月09日  | 移动技术网IT编程  | 我要评论

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入门级爬虫：只抓取书籍名称，信息及下载地址并存储到数据库

数据库工具类：dbutil.py

import pymysql

class dbutils(object):
  def conndb(self):               #连接数据库
    conn=pymysql.connect(host='192.168.251.114',port=3306, user='root',passwd='b6f3g2',db='yangsj',charset='utf8');
    cur=conn.cursor();
    return (conn,cur);

  def exeupdate(self,conn,cur,sql):        #更新或插入操作
    sta=cur.execute(sql);
    conn.commit();
    return (sta);

  def exedelete(self,conn,cur,ids):        #删除操作 demo 没用到
    sta=0;
    for eachid in ids.split(' '):
      sta+=cur.execute("delete from students where id=%d"%(int(eachid)));
    conn.commit();
    return (sta);

  def exequery(self,cur,sql):           #查找操作
    effect_row = cur.execute(sql);
    return (effect_row,cur);

  def connclose(self,conn,cur):          #关闭连接，释放资源
    cur.close();
    conn.close();

if __name__ == '__main__':
  dbutil = dbutils();
  conn,cur = dbutil.conndb();

书籍操作文件 bookope.py

from dbutil import dbutils
from bookinfo import book
from bookinfo import downloadinfo
import logging
logging.basicconfig(
  level=logging.info
)
class bookoperator(object):
  def __addbook(self,book):
    logging.info("add book:%s" % book.bookname);
    dbutil = dbutils();
    conn,cur = dbutil.conndb();
    insertbooksql = ("insert into book (bookname,bookurl,bookinfo) values ('%s','%s','%s');"%(book.bookname,book.downloadurl,book.maininfo));
    dbutil.exeupdate(conn,cur,insertbooksql);
    dbutil.connclose(conn,cur);
  def __selectlastbookid(self):
    logging.info("selectlastbookid ");
    dbutil = dbutils();
    conn,cur = dbutil.conndb();
    selectlastbooksql = "select id from book order by id desc limit 1";
    effect_row,cur = dbutil.exequery(cur,selectlastbooksql);
    bookid = cur.fetchone()[0];
    dbutil.connclose(conn,cur);
    return bookid;
  def __addbookdownloadinfos(self,downloadinfos,bookid):
    logging.info("add bookid:%s" % bookid);
    dbutil = dbutils();
    conn,cur = dbutil.conndb();
    for downloadinfo in downloadinfos:
      insertbookdownloadinfo = ("insert into book_down_url (bookid,downname,downurl) values ('%s','%s','%s');"%(bookid,downloadinfo.downname,downloadinfo.downurl));
      dbutil.exeupdate(conn,cur,insertbookdownloadinfo);
    dbutil.connclose(conn,cur);
  def addbookinfo(self,book):
    logging.info("add bookinfo:%s" % book.bookname);
    self.__addbook(book);
    bookid = self.__selectlastbookid();
    self.__addbookdownloadinfos(book.downloadinfos,bookid);
if __name__ == '__main__':
  bookope = bookoperator();
  book = book("aaa","yang","cccc");
  book.adddownloadurl(downloadinfo("aaa.html","书籍"));
  bookope.addbookinfo(book);

书籍信息文件 bookinfo.py

import sys
sys.encoding = "utf8"
class book(object):
  #书籍信息#
  def __init__(self,maininfo,downloadurl,bookname):
    self.maininfo = maininfo;
    self.downloadurl = downloadurl;
    self.bookname = bookname;
    self.downloadinfos = [];
  def adddownloadurl(self,downloadinfo):
    self.downloadinfos.append(downloadinfo);
  def print_book_info(self):
    print ("bookname :%s" % (self.bookname));
class downloadinfo(object):
  #下载信息#
  def __init__(self,downurl,downname):
    self.downurl = downurl;
    self.downname = downname;
  def print_down_info(self):
    print ("download %s - %s" % (self.downurl,self.downname));

51job界面解析文件 fiveonejobfetch.py

import requests
from bs4 import beautifulsoup
import sys
from bookinfo import book
from bookinfo import downloadinfo
import logging
sys.encoding = "utf8"
class pagefetch(object):
  host = "//www.jb51.net/";  #域名+分类
  category = "books/"; #具体请求页
  def __init__(self,pageurl):
    self.pageurl = pageurl; #完整url
    self.url = pagefetch.host+pagefetch.category + pageurl;
  def __getpagecontent(self):
    req = requests.get(self.url);
    if req.status_code == 200:
      req.encoding = "gb2312";
      strtext = req.text;
      return strtext;
    else:
      return "";
  def getpagecontent(url):
    req = requests.get(url);
    if req.status_code == 200:
      req.encoding = "gb2312";
      strtext = req.text;
      return strtext;
    else:
      return "";
  def __getmaxpagenumandurl(self):
    fetchurl = self.pageurl;
    #获取分页地址 分页url 形如 list45_2.html 2为页号#
    maxpagenum = 0;
    maxlink = "";
    while maxlink == "":
      url = pagefetch.host+pagefetch.category +fetchurl;
      reqcontent = pagefetch.getpagecontent(url)
      soup = beautifulsoup (reqcontent,"html.parser");
      for ul in soup.select(".plist"):
        print ("数据");
        print (ul);
        maxpagenum = ul.select("strong")[0].text;
        alink = ul.select("a");
        if alink[-1]['href'] == "#":
          maxlink = alink[1]['href'];
        else:
          fetchurl = alink[-1]['href'];
    return maxpagenum,maxlink;
  def __formatpage(self,pagenum):
    #格式化url 形如 list45_2.html#
    linebeginsite = self.pageurl.index("_")+1;
    docbeginsite = self.pageurl.index(".");
    return self.pageurl[:linebeginsite]+str(pagenum+1)+self.pageurl[docbeginsite:];
  def getbookpagelist(self):
    #获取书籍每页的url#
    shortpagelist = [];
    maxpagenum,urlpattern = self.__getmaxpagenumandurl();
    for i in range(int(maxpagenum)):
      shortpagelist.append(self.host +self.category+ self.__formatpage(i));
    return shortpagelist;
  def getdownloadpage(url):
    downpage= [];
    reqcontent = pagefetch.getpagecontent(url);
    soup = beautifulsoup (reqcontent,"html.parser");
    for a in soup.select(".cur-cat-list .btn-dl"):
      downpage.append(pagefetch.host+a['href']);
    return downpage;
  def getbookinfo(url):
    logging.info("获取书籍信息url:%s" % url);
    reqcontent = pagefetch.getpagecontent(url);
    soup = beautifulsoup (reqcontent,"html.parser");
    maininfo = (soup.select("#soft-intro"))[0].text.replace("截图：","").replace("'","");
    title = (soup.select("dl dt h1"))[0].text.replace("'","");
    book = book(maininfo,url,title);
    for ul in soup.select(".ul_address"):
      for li in ul.select("li"):
        downloadinfo = downloadinfo(li.select("a")[0]['href'],li.select("a")[0].text);
        book.adddownloadurl(downloadinfo);
    return book;
if __name__ == '__main__':
  p = pagefetch("list152_1.html");
  shortpagelist = p.getbookpagelist();
  downpage= [];
  for page in shortpagelist:
    downloadpage = pagefetch.getdownloadpage(page);
    downpage = downpage+downloadpage;
  print ("================汇总如下===============================");
  for bookdownloadpage in downpage:
    book = pagefetch.getbookinfo(bookdownloadpage);
    print (book.bookname+":%s" % book.downloadurl);
    for d in book.downloadinfos:
      print ("%s - %s" % (d.downurl,d.downname));
  # p = pagefetch("list977_1.html");
  # p = p.getmaxpagenumandurl();
  # print (p);

执行文件，以上文件copy在相同的文件夹下 执行此文件即可 51job.py

from fiveonejobfetch import pagefetch
from bookinfo import book
from bookinfo import downloadinfo
from bookope import bookoperator

def main(url):
  p = pagefetch(url);
  shortpagelist = p.getbookpagelist();
  bookoperator = bookoperator();
  downpage= [];
  for page in shortpagelist:
    downloadpage = pagefetch.getdownloadpage(page);
    downpage = downpage+downloadpage;
  for bookdownloadpage in downpage:
    book = pagefetch.getbookinfo(bookdownloadpage);
    bookoperator.addbookinfo(book);
  print ("数据抓取成功:"+url);

if __name__ == '__main__':
  urls = ["list152_35.html","list300_2.html","list476_6.html","list977_2.html","list572_5.html","list509_2.html","list481_1.html","list576_1.html","list482_1.html","list483_1.html","list484_1.html"];
  for url in urls:
    main(url);

数据库表：书籍信息表和下载地址表

create table `book` (
`id` int(11) not null auto_increment,
`bookname` varchar(200) null default null,
`bookurl` varchar(500) null default null,
`bookinfo` text null,
primary key (`id`)
)
collate='utf8mb4_general_ci'
engine=innodb
auto_increment=2936;
create table `book_down_url` (
`id` int(11) not null auto_increment,
`bookid` int(11) not null default '0',
`downname` varchar(200) not null default '0',
`downurl` varchar(2000) not null default '0',
primary key (`id`)
)
collate='utf8mb4_general_ci'
engine=innodb
auto_increment=44441;

git地址：https://git.oschina.net/yangsj/bookfetch/tree/master

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