我要评论现在项目上用redis的话，很少说不用集群的情况，毕竟如果生产上只有一台redis会有极大的风险，比如机器挂掉，或者内存爆掉，就比如我们生产环境曾今也遭遇到这种情况，导致redis内存不够挂掉的情况，当然这些都是我们及其不能容忍的，第一个必须要做到高可靠，其次才是高性能，好了，下面我来逐一搭建一下。
一：redis集群搭建
1. 下载
首先去官网下载较新的3.2.0版本，下载方式还是非常简单的，比如官网介绍的这样。
$ wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.0.tar.gz $ tar xzf redis-3.2.0.tar.gz $ cd redis-3.2.0 $ make
2. redis配置
由于我们要做集群，而且还要redis自带的redis-trib.rb 能正常运行，我们需要在集群中开启三台master，三台slave，所以这里我需要建立6个文件夹，而且文件夹的名称就使用端口地址的名字，比如：6389. 6380....6384。
3. config配置。
现在directory的分布情况大致如上图，接下来要做的事情就是配置redis.conf了，在这里需要配置四个选项。。。
<1> port 端口地址，比如6380文件夹下面的port就是6380，
# accept connections on the specified port, default is 6379 (iana #815344). # if port 0 is specified redis will not listen on a tcp socket. port 6379
<2> cluster-enabled 和 cluster-config-file
这个顾名思义，首先需要开启redis的cluster模式，然后配置一个cluster-config-file文件，这个文件用于存放redis的实时信息，redis会动态追加和修改这个conf下面的内容信息，不过要记住，这个nodes-6379.conf 可以根据 端口文件夹依次配置，比如6380文件夹可以改成nodes-6380.conf这样。。。
# normal redis instances can't be part of a redis cluster; only nodes that are # started as cluster nodes can. in order to start a redis instance as a # cluster node enable the cluster support uncommenting the following: # cluster-enabled yes # every cluster node has a cluster configuration file. this file is not # intended to be edited by hand. it is created and updated by redis nodes. # every redis cluster node requires a different cluster configuration file. # make sure that instances running in the same system do not have # overlapping cluster configuration file names. # cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf
<3> directory
为了方便管理，我这里配置的root目录取决于在哪个文件夹，比如6380下面我的dir就是: dir ./6380/
# note that you must specify a directory here, not a file name. dir ./6379/
<4> protected-mode
这个是redis 3.2 才追加的一个功能，从功能注释中，我们就可以发现，这个默认就是不让外界可以访问redis，所以这里我们就改为no，可以远程访问。
# by default protected mode is enabled. you should disable it only if # you are sure you want clients from other hosts to connect to redis # even if no authentication is configured, nor a specific set of interfaces # are explicitly listed using the "bind" directive. protected-mode no
ok，到现在为止，我们的config就修改完毕了，其他端口的文件夹也可以依次配置之~
二：开启redis
到现在为止，各个端口文件夹都配置成功了，接下来准备开启了。
接下来我们可以看一下，在6379下面是不是有生成node-6379.conf文件，比如下面：
三：配置redis-trib.rb
因为redis-trib.rb是ruby写的，而我们的电脑肯定是没有ruby和一些配置依赖项，不过没关系，有强大的yum安装，一切都不是问题。
1. 执行replicas命令
[jack@localhost ~]$ cluster/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.161.133:6379 192.168.161.133:6380 192.168.161.133:6381 192.168.161.133:6382 192.168.161.133:6383 192.168.161.133:6384 /usr/bin/env: ruby: no such file or directory [jack@localhost ~]$
可以看到ruby是没有安装的，所以下一步我们要安装ruby了。。。
2. 安装ruby 【一定要是管理员权限哦】
[jack@localhost ~]$ sudo
usage: sudo [-d level] -h | -k | -k | -v
usage: sudo -v [-akns] [-d level] [-g groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-u user
name|#uid]
usage: sudo -l[l] [-akns] [-d level] [-g groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-u user
name] [-u user name|#uid] [-g groupname|#gid] [command]
usage: sudo [-abehknps] [-r role] [-t type] [-c fd] [-d level] [-g
groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-u user name|#uid] [-g groupname|#gid]
[var=value] [-i|-s] [<command>]
usage: sudo -e [-akns] [-r role] [-t type] [-c fd] [-d level] [-g
groupname|#gid] [-p prompt] [-u user name|#uid] file ...
[jack@localhost ~]$ su
password:
jacsu: incorrect password
[jack@localhost ~]$ yum install ruby
loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
you need to be root to perform this command.
[jack@localhost ~]$ jack
bash: jack: command not found
[jack@localhost ~]$ su
password:
[root@localhost jack]# yum install ruby
loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
setting up install process
resolving dependencies
--> running transaction check
---> package ruby.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 will be installed
--> processing dependency: ruby-libs = 1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 for package: ruby-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64
--> processing dependency: libruby.so.1.8()(64bit) for package: ruby-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64
--> running transaction check
---> package ruby-libs.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 will be installed
--> processing dependency: libreadline.so.5()(64bit) for package: ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64
--> running transaction check
---> package compat-readline5.x86_64 0:5.2-17.1.el6 will be installed
--> finished dependency resolution
dependencies resolved
================================================================================
package arch version repository size
================================================================================
installing:
ruby x86_64 1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 base 538 k
installing for dependencies:
compat-readline5 x86_64 5.2-17.1.el6 base 130 k
ruby-libs x86_64 1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 base 1.7 m
transaction summary
================================================================================
install 3 package(s)
total download size: 2.3 m
installed size: 7.8 m
is this ok [y/n]: y
downloading packages:
(1/3): compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 130 kb 00:00
(2/3): ruby-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64.rpm | 538 kb 00:00
(3/3): ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64.rpm | 1.7 mb 00:02
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
total 747 kb/s | 2.3 mb 00:03
warning: rpmts_hdrfromfdno: header v3 rsa/sha256 signature, key id c105b9de: nokey
retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-centos-6
importing gpg key 0xc105b9de:
userid : centos-6 key (centos 6 official signing key) <centos-6-key@centos.org>
package: centos-release-6-5.el6.centos.11.1.x86_64 (@anaconda-centos-201311272149.x86_64/6.5)
from : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-centos-6
is this ok [y/n]: y
running rpm_check_debug
running transaction test
transaction test succeeded
running transaction
installing : compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.x86_64 1/3
installing : ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 2/3
installing : ruby-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 3/3
verifying : compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.x86_64 1/3
verifying : ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 2/3
verifying : ruby-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 3/3
installed:
ruby.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6
dependency installed:
compat-readline5.x86_64 0:5.2-17.1.el6 ruby-libs.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6
complete!
[root@localhost jack]#
3. 安装rubygems
接着我们再次运行 replicas命令，看看会怎么样。。。
[root@localhost jack]# cluster/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.161.133:6379 192.168.161.133:6380 192.168.161.133:6381 192.168.161.133:6382 192.168.161.133:6383 192.168.161.133:6384 cluster/redis-trib.rb:24:in `require': no such file to load -- rubygems (loaderror) from cluster/redis-trib.rb:24 [root@localhost jack]#
结果苦逼了，还是报错，看提示貌似是少了一个rubygems，这次我们还是通过yum安装。
[root@localhost jack]# yum install -y rubygems loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn setting up install process resolving dependencies --> running transaction check ---> package rubygems.noarch 0:1.3.7-5.el6 will be installed --> processing dependency: ruby-rdoc for package: rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch --> running transaction check ---> package ruby-rdoc.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 will be installed --> processing dependency: ruby-irb = 1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 for package: ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 --> running transaction check ---> package ruby-irb.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 will be installed --> finished dependency resolution dependencies resolved ================================================================================ package arch version repository size ================================================================================ installing: rubygems noarch 1.3.7-5.el6 base 207 k installing for dependencies: ruby-irb x86_64 1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 base 317 k ruby-rdoc x86_64 1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 base 381 k transaction summary ================================================================================ install 3 package(s) total download size: 905 k installed size: 3.0 m downloading packages: (1/3): ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64.rpm | 317 kb 00:00 (2/3): ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64.rpm | 381 kb 00:00 (3/3): rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch.rpm | 207 kb 00:00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- total 625 kb/s | 905 kb 00:01 running rpm_check_debug running transaction test transaction test succeeded running transaction installing : ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 1/3 installing : ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 2/3 installing : rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch 3/3 verifying : ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 1/3 verifying : ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-4.el6_6.x86_64 2/3 verifying : rubygems-1.3.7-5.el6.noarch 3/3 installed: rubygems.noarch 0:1.3.7-5.el6 dependency installed: ruby-irb.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 ruby-rdoc.x86_64 0:1.8.7.374-4.el6_6 complete! [root@localhost jack]#
4. 安装redis驱动
还是继续不死心，我们继续运行replicas命令命令。
[root@localhost jack]# cluster/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.161.133:6379 192.168.161.133:6380 192.168.161.133:6381 192.168.161.133:6382 192.168.161.133:6383 192.168.161.133:6384 /usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require': no such file to load -- redis (loaderror) from /usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require' from cluster/redis-trib.rb:25 [root@localhost jack]#
还是有问题，这次貌似是一个gem_original_require没有安装，当然这个一般是说ruby版本太老了，所以现在亲要么升级ruby版本，要么直接安装ruby的redis驱动。
[root@localhost jack]# gem install redis successfully installed redis-3.3.0 1 gem installed installing ri documentation for redis-3.3.0... installing rdoc documentation for redis-3.3.0...
6. 运行replicas命令
终于貌似所有的依赖我们都解决了，接下来就可以真的执行了。
[root@localhost jack]# cluster/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.161.133:6379 192.168.161.133:6380 192.168.161.133:6381 192.168.161.133:6382 192.168.161.133:6383 192.168.161.133:6384 >>> creating cluster >>> performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes... using 3 masters: 192.168.161.133:6379 192.168.161.133:6380 192.168.161.133:6381 adding replica 192.168.161.133:6382 to 192.168.161.133:6379 adding replica 192.168.161.133:6383 to 192.168.161.133:6380 adding replica 192.168.161.133:6384 to 192.168.161.133:6381 m: fdae457e803e2e04a7c549c69b44a2beefdae3bc 192.168.161.133:6379 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master m: 74285cee0fa65e64b443ecc630e447a8a65ee9f8 192.168.161.133:6380 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master m: 14ed067a1b85044325d5800fa8479a6b4e41a10c 192.168.161.133:6381 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master s: c50b1ff1fe3a00b16703f3b5705d2dafe046240b 192.168.161.133:6382 replicates fdae457e803e2e04a7c549c69b44a2beefdae3bc s: 8f7bd92f7ffb48e327820693a5820b5be7ea5556 192.168.161.133:6383 replicates 74285cee0fa65e64b443ecc630e447a8a65ee9f8 s: 4a85ed078b4c99afad7f3a9a8df09082c681a649 192.168.161.133:6384 replicates 14ed067a1b85044325d5800fa8479a6b4e41a10c can i set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes >>> nodes configuration updated >>> assign a different config epoch to each node >>> sending cluster meet messages to join the cluster waiting for the cluster to join.... >>> performing cluster check (using node 192.168.161.133:6379) m: fdae457e803e2e04a7c549c69b44a2beefdae3bc 192.168.161.133:6379 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master m: 74285cee0fa65e64b443ecc630e447a8a65ee9f8 192.168.161.133:6380 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master m: 14ed067a1b85044325d5800fa8479a6b4e41a10c 192.168.161.133:6381 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master m: c50b1ff1fe3a00b16703f3b5705d2dafe046240b 192.168.161.133:6382 slots: (0 slots) master replicates fdae457e803e2e04a7c549c69b44a2beefdae3bc m: 8f7bd92f7ffb48e327820693a5820b5be7ea5556 192.168.161.133:6383 slots: (0 slots) master replicates 74285cee0fa65e64b443ecc630e447a8a65ee9f8 m: 4a85ed078b4c99afad7f3a9a8df09082c681a649 192.168.161.133:6384 slots: (0 slots) master replicates 14ed067a1b85044325d5800fa8479a6b4e41a10c [ok] all nodes agree about slots configuration. >>> check for open slots... >>> check slots coverage... [ok] all 16384 slots covered. [root@localhost jack]#
从上面可以看到，trib程序告知我们是否用 6379，6380，6381 作为主， 6382，6383，6384作为从。。然后我就恩准了。。就这样我们的集群就创建好了
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