我要评论前言
近期有同学问mongodb副本集难不难部署，我的回答是不难，很快，几分钟搞定，比mysql mha简单的不止一点半点。 那么到底如何部署呢？请看下文。
1. 准备工作
1.1 下载软件
选择版本并下载mongodb的软件，注意操作系统版本等。本次我选用的是percona分支的mongodb 4.2.8版本搭建，操作系统为centos6
cd /usr/local/ wget https://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-server-mongodb-latest/percona-server-mongodb-4.2.8-8/binary/tarball/percona-server-mongodb-4.2.8-8-centos6-x86_64.tar.gz tar -zxvf percona-server-mongodb-4.2.8-8-centos6-x86_64.tar.gz ln -s percona-server-mongodb-4.2.8-8 mongodb
1.2 规划各节点角色
各节点角色如下
| ip | port | role |
| 192.168.128.208 | 27017 | primary |
| 192.168.128.209 | 27017 | secondary |
| 192.168.128.209 | 28017 | arbiter |
2 部署
2.1 创建各节点相关目录
创建数据目录、日志目录等相关目录
[root@m1 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mongodb/27017/{data,logs,tmp,etc,keyfile}
[root@m1 ~]# cd /data/mongodb/27017/
[root@m1 27017]# ll
总用量 20
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 7 16:59 data
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 7 16:59 etc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 7 16:59 keyfile
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 7 16:59 logs
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 8月 7 16:59 tmp
2.2 配置文件
创建配置文件，并添加对应的配置信息，注意仲裁节点的端口
[root@m1 27017]# cd /data/mongodb/27017/etc/ [root@m1 etc]# vim mongod.conf 添加如下内容 storage: dbpath: /data/mongodb/27017/data journal: enabled: true systemlog: destination: file logappend: true path: /data/mongodb/27017/logs/mongod.log processmanagement: fork: true pidfilepath: /data/mongodb/27017/tmp/mongod.pid net: port: 27017 bindip: 0.0.0.0replication: replsetname: "test1" # 副本集名称
2.3 启动各节点
以其中一个节点为例，其他节点修改对应配置文件即可
[root@m1 local]# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /data/mongodb/27017/etc/mongod.conf about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections. forked process: 30019 child process started successfully, parent exiting
2.4 初始化副本集
初始化副本集，指定各节点id及角色，注意副本集的名称和配置文件里一致。
在任意节点执行如下语句
> use admin
switched to db admin
> rs.initiate( {
... _id: "test1",
... members: [
... { _id: 0, host: "192.168.128.208:27017" },
... { _id: 1, host: "192.168.128.209:27017" },
... { _id: 2, host: "192.168.128.209:28017",arbiteronly:true }
... ] })
{
"ok" : 1,
"$clustertime" : {
"clustertime" : timestamp(1596792682, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : bindata(0,"aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa="),
"keyid" : numberlong(0)
}
},
"operationtime" : timestamp(1596792682, 1)
}
完成后可以查看各集群状态,如下，可见当前192.168.128.208:27017 为primary节点
test1:primary> rs.status()
{
"set" : "test1",
"date" : isodate("2020-08-07t11:09:24.454z"),
"mystate" : 1,
"term" : numberlong(1),
"syncingto" : "",
"syncsourcehost" : "",
"syncsourceid" : -1,
"heartbeatintervalmillis" : numberlong(2000),
"majorityvotecount" : 2,
"writemajoritycount" : 2,
"optimes" : {
"lastcommittedoptime" : {
"ts" : timestamp(1596798563, 1),
"t" : numberlong(1)
},
"lastcommittedwalltime" : isodate("2020-08-07t11:09:23.663z"),
"readconcernmajorityoptime" : {
"ts" : timestamp(1596798563, 1),
"t" : numberlong(1)
},
"readconcernmajoritywalltime" : isodate("2020-08-07t11:09:23.663z"),
"appliedoptime" : {
"ts" : timestamp(1596798563, 1),
"t" : numberlong(1)
},
"durableoptime" : {
"ts" : timestamp(1596798563, 1),
"t" : numberlong(1)
},
"lastappliedwalltime" : isodate("2020-08-07t11:09:23.663z"),
"lastdurablewalltime" : isodate("2020-08-07t11:09:23.663z")
},
"laststablerecoverytimestamp" : timestamp(1596798513, 1),
"laststablecheckpointtimestamp" : timestamp(1596798513, 1),
"electioncandidatemetrics" : {
"lastelectionreason" : "electiontimeout",
"lastelectiondate" : isodate("2020-08-07t09:31:33.409z"),
"electionterm" : numberlong(1),
"lastcommittedoptimeatelection" : {
"ts" : timestamp(0, 0),
"t" : numberlong(-1)
},
"lastseenoptimeatelection" : {
"ts" : timestamp(1596792682, 1),
"t" : numberlong(-1)
},
"numvotesneeded" : 2,
"priorityatelection" : 1,
"electiontimeoutmillis" : numberlong(10000),
"numcatchupops" : numberlong(0),
"newtermstartdate" : isodate("2020-08-07t09:31:33.444z"),
"wmajoritywriteavailabilitydate" : isodate("2020-08-07t09:31:34.050z")
},
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"name" : "192.168.128.208:27017",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 1,
"statestr" : "primary",
"uptime" : 5950,
"optime" : {
"ts" : timestamp(1596798563, 1),
"t" : numberlong(1)
},
"optimedate" : isodate("2020-08-07t11:09:23z"),
"syncingto" : "",
"syncsourcehost" : "",
"syncsourceid" : -1,
"infomessage" : "",
"electiontime" : timestamp(1596792693, 1),
"electiondate" : isodate("2020-08-07t09:31:33z"),
"configversion" : 1,
"self" : true,
"lastheartbeatmessage" : ""
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "192.168.128.209:27017",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"statestr" : "secondary",
"uptime" : 5882,
"optime" : {
"ts" : timestamp(1596798563, 1),
"t" : numberlong(1)
},
"optimedurable" : {
"ts" : timestamp(1596798563, 1),
"t" : numberlong(1)
},
"optimedate" : isodate("2020-08-07t11:09:23z"),
"optimedurabledate" : isodate("2020-08-07t11:09:23z"),
"lastheartbeat" : isodate("2020-08-07t11:09:23.672z"),
"lastheartbeatrecv" : isodate("2020-08-07t11:09:22.804z"),
"pingms" : numberlong(0),
"lastheartbeatmessage" : "",
"syncingto" : "192.168.128.208:27017",
"syncsourcehost" : "192.168.128.208:27017",
"syncsourceid" : 0,
"infomessage" : "",
"configversion" : 1
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"name" : "192.168.128.209:28017",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 7,
"statestr" : "arbiter",
"uptime" : 5882,
"lastheartbeat" : isodate("2020-08-07t11:09:23.672z"),
"lastheartbeatrecv" : isodate("2020-08-07t11:09:22.952z"),
"pingms" : numberlong(0),
"lastheartbeatmessage" : "",
"syncingto" : "",
"syncsourcehost" : "",
"syncsourceid" : -1,
"infomessage" : "",
"configversion" : 1
}
],
"ok" : 1,
"$clustertime" : {
"clustertime" : timestamp(1596798563, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : bindata(0,"aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa="),
"keyid" : numberlong(0)
}
},
"operationtime" : timestamp(1596798563, 1)
}
test1:primary>
3 修改为认证模式
为考虑安全性等，需要开启认证模式（需要通过用户名/密码方式登录）
3.1 创建用户
创建超级管理员账号
test1:primary> db.createuser({user: "root", pwd: "root#123", roles: [{role: "root", db: "admin"}]})
successfully added user: {
"user" : "root",
"roles" : [
{
"role" : "root",
"db" : "admin"
}
]
}
3.2 创建key文件
在主库上执行脚本生成key文件，然后将结拷贝到另外2个节点
[root@m1 mongodb]# cd /data/mongodb/27017/keyfile/ [root@m1 keyfile]# openssl rand -base64 756 > mongo.key [root@m1 keyfile]# chmod 600 mongo.key # 必须修改为600权限，否则无法启动
以上完成后，将文件复制到另外2个节点
3.3 修改配置文件
配置文件中 添加如下内容，注意不同节点的文件路径
security: authorization: enabled clusterauthmode: keyfile keyfile: /data/mongodb/27017/keyfile/mongo.key
3.4 重启后并用认证模式登陆
# 关闭mongodb [root@m1 keyfile]# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /data/mongodb/27017/etc/mongod.conf -shutdown killing process with pid: 30675 # 启动mongodb [root@m1 keyfile]# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /data/mongodb/27017/etc/mongod.conf about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections. forked process: 2430 child process started successfully, parent exiting # 认证模式登陆 [root@m1 keyfile]# [root@m1 keyfile]# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongo -u root -p 'root#123' --authenticationdatabase admin
至此，mongodb 副本集搭建完毕，你会了吗？
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